Stienen M N, Cadosch D, Seule M A, Fournier J-Y, Hildebrandt G, Gautschi O P
Ruhr-Universität Bochum.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 2010 Jan 6;99(1):29-43. doi: 10.1024/1661-8157/a000005.
The trigeminal neuralgia is characterised by paroxysmal appearing fulgurous stabbing pain. Its medical condition is caused through a local-circumscribed demyelinisation of the trigeminal nerve with consecutive conduction of salting impulses on afferent pain fibres. It is essential to differentiate the symptomatic from the idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. As primary management, a pharmacological treatment with anticonvulsants is recommended in order to attenuate the ectopic-generated pain impulses. Different neurosurgical procedures are available in cases of resistance to therapy. Thereby, causal surgery in form of microvascular decompression is not only the operative treatment of choice, but because of the excellent results also a fundamental support of the theory of vascular compression. A comprehensive knowledge about diagnosis and management of trigeminal neuralgia is essential to treat patients efficiently and successfully. This synopsis summarises the current recommendations concerning diagnostics and therapeutic options.
三叉神经痛的特点是阵发性出现的闪电样刺痛。其病症是由三叉神经局部局限性脱髓鞘引起的，随后传入痛觉纤维上出现盐析性冲动传导。区分症状性三叉神经痛和特发性三叉神经痛至关重要。作为主要治疗方法，建议使用抗惊厥药物进行药物治疗，以减轻异位产生的疼痛冲动。对于治疗耐药的病例，有不同的神经外科手术可供选择。因此，微血管减压形式的病因性手术不仅是首选的手术治疗方法，而且由于其出色的效果，也是血管压迫理论的重要支持。全面了解三叉神经痛的诊断和治疗对于有效且成功地治疗患者至关重要。本综述总结了当前有关诊断和治疗选择的建议。
