Wilson S, van Loo S, Geuens T, Claes S J
Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2010;52(1):9-16.
The psychobiological model of personality developed by Cloninger includes four dimensions of temperament and three dimensions of character. Studies have indicated that the personality dimensions of patients with depression differ from those of control subjects without depression.
To assess whether the personality traits of persons who have experienced one or more depressive episodes in the past and have made full recovery differ from the personality traits of persons who have never suffered from depression.
The personality dimensions for 40 persons in remission but with a previous history of depression and for 49 healthy controls were determined by means of a Dutch version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (tci) questionnaire. results Compared to the control subjects, patients in remission showed a significant increase on the temperament scale Harm Avoidance and a statistically significant decrease on the character scale Self-Directedness. The increase also applied to all subscales of Harm Avoidance and the decrease applied to four of the five subscales of Self-Directedness.
Compared to healthy control subjects, patients in remission showed a distinctly different personality profile. None of these differences can therefore be regarded merely as a transient phenomenon during a depressive episode ('state effect'). However, it cannot be concluded from the current study whether the altered personality profile is a consequence of having had a depression or whether it is a 'scarring effect' of a pre-existing vulnerability factor.
克隆宁格提出的人格心理生物学模型包括气质的四个维度和性格的三个维度。研究表明，抑郁症患者的人格维度与无抑郁症的对照受试者不同。
评估过去经历过一次或多次抑郁发作且已完全康复的人的人格特质是否与从未患过抑郁症的人的人格特质不同。
通过荷兰版的气质与性格量表（tci）问卷确定40名已缓解但有抑郁症病史的人和49名健康对照者的人格维度。结果与对照受试者相比，缓解期患者在气质量表“回避伤害”上显著增加，在性格量表“自我导向”上有统计学意义的降低。这种增加也适用于“回避伤害”的所有子量表，降低适用于“自我导向”五个子量表中的四个。
与健康对照受试者相比，缓解期患者表现出明显不同的人格特征。因此，这些差异均不能仅被视为抑郁发作期间的短暂现象（“状态效应”）。然而，从当前研究无法得出人格特征改变是患抑郁症的结果还是先前存在的易患因素的“瘢痕效应 ”。
