Stair R, Schneider W E, Fussell W B
National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC 20234, USA.
Appl Opt. 1967 Jan 1;6(1):101-5. doi: 10.1364/AO.6.000101.
The National Bureau of Standards standard of total irradiance as presently issued in the form of a 50-W carbon filament lamp was originally calibrated more than fifty years ago. Recently, needs for higher accuracy and wider ranges of total irradiance have necessitated the setting up of three sizes (100 W, 500 W, and 1000 W) of tungsten-filament lamp standards of total irradiance. These standards operate at a higher temperature than was possible with the carbon-filament lamps, and are shielded, except for a narrow area of the bulb in front of the filament, so the reception of long wavelength flux from the lamps is reduced to a minimum. The new lamps were calibrated by the use of a blackbody at a known temperature together with a quartz plate whose spectral transmittance was accurately determined. The quartz plate limits the flux received from the blackbody to the spectral region below about 4.5 micro and thus reduces errors resulting from water vapor absorption at 6 micro and longer wavelengths. Comparisons sow the new standards to be in close agreement with the carbon-filament lamp standard.
美国国家标准局目前发布的以50瓦碳丝灯形式呈现的总辐照度标准，最初是在五十多年前校准的。最近，由于对更高精度和更宽总辐照度范围的需求，有必要设立三种规格（100瓦、500瓦和1000瓦）的钨丝灯总辐照度标准。这些标准在比碳丝灯可能达到的更高温度下运行，并且除了灯丝前方灯泡的狭窄区域外都有屏蔽，因此来自这些灯的长波长通量的接收被降至最低。新灯是通过使用已知温度的黑体以及光谱透射率被精确测定的石英板进行校准的。石英板将从黑体接收的通量限制在约4.5微米以下的光谱区域，从而减少了由6微米及更长波长处的水汽吸收导致的误差。比较结果表明新的标准与碳丝灯标准非常一致。
