Kondratiev K Y, Nicolsky G A, Badinov I Y, Andreev S D
Department of Atmospheric Physics,Leningrad State University, Leningrad, USSR.
Appl Opt. 1967 Feb 1;6(2):197-207. doi: 10.1364/AO.6.000197.
The balloon apparatus and some of the results of the direct solar radiation investigations up to 30 km in the middle belt of the Soviet Union in 1961-1965 are briefly described. Measurements of total direct solar radiation showed that the aerosol extinction properties in the free atmosphere are rather considerable, not only up to 30 km but also at the higher levels. The layered character of the stratospheric optical structure is demonstrated. The dynamics of layers and the possible influence of volcanic activity is discussed. Spectral investigations in the 0.35-13 micro region demonstrated that the stratospheric humidity is small, approximating 10(-6)-10(-5) g/g. The measurements in the visible spectrum confirmed that stratospheric aerosol component is essential, the stratospheric optical density being about 10(-4)-10(-3) km(-1). Comparison of the results of spectral and integral investigations indicates that the aerosol ext nction is also dominant above 30 km.
简要介绍了1961 - 1965年苏联中部地带30公里高度以下的气球探测装置及部分直接太阳辐射研究结果。总直接太阳辐射测量表明，自由大气中的气溶胶消光特性相当显著，不仅在30公里高度以下，在更高高度也是如此。证明了平流层光学结构的分层特征。讨论了各层的动力学以及火山活动可能产生的影响。在0.35 - 13微米区域的光谱研究表明，平流层湿度很小，约为10(-6)-10(-5)克/克。可见光谱测量证实平流层气溶胶成分至关重要，平流层光学密度约为10(-4)-10(-3)公里(-1)。光谱和积分研究结果的比较表明，在30公里以上气溶胶消光也占主导地位。
