Obrucheva N V, Litiagina S V
Ontogenez. 2009 Nov-Dec;40(6):419-24.
A high water content is maintained in the tissues of the axial organs of horse chestnut seeds after the fruit is shed and down to the time the seeds germinate. The plant cell vacuoles, features of whose metabolism can influence the cells' preparation to initiate growth in germination, are preserved. It was shown that the activity of acid invertase and its capacity to digest both sucrose and raphinose remain stable throughout the period of hibernation and the transition to germination, as do the molecular weight of its subunits (63 and 65 kDa) and multimer (500 to 550 kDa). The activity of the enzyme increases when the seeds swell under optimal conditions for germination; this is associated with the synthesis of new molecules of the enzyme in long-lived mRNA matrices. The storability of the enzyme in the vacuoles of hibernating seeds, together with the increase in its activity when seeds coming out of hibernation swell, ensures the rapid hydrolysis of sucrose issuing from the seeds' cotyledons, thus leading to increased osmotic pressure and, as a result, the beginning of cell elongation, i.e., germination.
七叶树种子果实脱落后直至种子萌发时，其轴向器官组织中保持着较高的含水量。植物细胞液泡得以保留，其代谢特征会影响细胞为萌发启动生长做准备。结果表明，酸性转化酶的活性及其消化蔗糖和棉子糖的能力在整个休眠期和向萌发转变的过程中保持稳定，其亚基（63和65 kDa）和多聚体（500至550 kDa）的分子量也是如此。当种子在最佳萌发条件下吸水膨胀时，该酶的活性会增加；这与在长寿命mRNA模板中合成该酶的新分子有关。休眠种子液泡中该酶的可储存性，以及种子从休眠中苏醒吸水膨胀时其活性的增加，确保了子叶中蔗糖的快速水解，从而导致渗透压升高，结果是细胞伸长开始，即萌发开始。
