Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Biology II, University of Leipzig, Talstrasse 33, Leipzig D-04103, Germany.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2010 Jan;127(1):472-80. doi: 10.1121/1.3271422.
To investigate the influence of spatial information in auditory scene analysis, polyphonic music (three parts in different timbres) was composed and presented in free field. Each part contained large falling interval jumps in the melody and the task of subjects was to detect these events in one part ("target part") while ignoring the other parts. All parts were either presented from the same location (0 degrees; overlap condition) or from different locations (-28 degrees, 0 degrees, and 28 degrees or -56 degrees, 0 degrees, and 56 degrees in the azimuthal plane), with the target part being presented either at 0 degrees or at one of the right-sided locations. Results showed that spatial separation of 28 degrees was sufficient for a significant improvement in target detection (i.e., in the detection of large interval jumps) compared to the overlap condition, irrespective of the position (frontal or right) of the target part. A larger spatial separation of the parts resulted in further improvements only if the target part was lateralized. These data support the notion of improvement in the suppression of interfering signals with spatial sound source separation. Additionally, the data show that the position of the relevant sound source influences auditory performance.
为了研究空间信息在听觉场景分析中的影响，我们创作了一首多声部音乐（三种不同音色的声部），并在自由声场中呈现。每个声部的旋律中都包含较大的音程跳跃，受试者的任务是在一个声部（“目标声部”）中检测这些事件，而忽略其他声部。所有声部要么来自同一位置（0 度；重叠条件），要么来自不同位置（方位角平面中的-28 度、0 度和 28 度或-56 度、0 度和 56 度），目标声部要么位于 0 度，要么位于右侧的一个位置。结果表明，与重叠条件相比，28 度的空间分离足以显著提高目标检测（即检测大的音程跳跃）的效果，而与目标声部的位置（正面或右侧）无关。只有当目标声部偏向一侧时，声部之间更大的空间分离才会进一步提高检测效果。这些数据支持了通过空间声源分离来改善抑制干扰信号的观点。此外，数据还表明，相关声源的位置会影响听觉表现。
