Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Spain.
Antioxid Redox Signal. 2010 Aug 1;13(3):269-78. doi: 10.1089/ars.2009.2952.
Women live longer than men. Moreover, females live longer than males in some, but not all, experimental animals. The differences in longevity between genders are related to free radical production. Indeed, females produce less radicals only in animal species in which they live longer than males. This is because estrogens upregulate antioxidant longevity-related genes. These considerations have led us to postulate an extended concept of antioxidant in biology: an antioxidant is any nutritional, physiological, or pharmacological manipulation that increases the expression and activity of antioxidant genes or proteins. Phytoestrogens or other selective estrogen receptor modulators lower age-related diseases and prolong life span, at least in experimental animals. This provides rational bases to study their action in humans further.
女性比男性长寿。此外，在一些但不是所有的实验动物中，雌性比雄性寿命更长。性别之间的寿命差异与自由基的产生有关。事实上，只有在雌性比雄性寿命更长的动物物种中，雌性产生的自由基才会减少。这是因为雌激素会上调与抗氧化剂相关的长寿基因。这些考虑使我们提出了生物学中抗氧化剂的扩展概念：抗氧化剂是任何增加抗氧化基因或蛋白质表达和活性的营养、生理或药理学操作。植物雌激素或其他选择性雌激素受体调节剂可降低与年龄相关的疾病并延长寿命，至少在实验动物中如此。这为进一步研究它们在人类中的作用提供了合理的依据。
