Department, Environment and Agro-biotechnologies, Centre de Recherche Public, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
Chemosphere. 2010 Feb;78(7):785-92. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.024. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
Contamination levels of PCBs, and of the heavy metals cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) were analyzed in four fish species from seven rivers in the North of Luxembourg. During August and September 2007, 85 samples of fish were collected belonging to four species: the stone loach (Barbatula barbatula, n=12 pools), the chub (Squalius cephalus, n=36), the barbel (Barbus barbus, n=23) and eel (Anguilla anguilla, n=14). The concentration of seven indicator PCBs ( summation operator(7)PCBs) reached a mean of 39ngg(-1) and varied between 4.0 and 346.2ngg(-1) (wet wt) depending on the site and species. Fish collected at Wallendorf on the Our River and sites on the Wiltz and the Clerve rivers showed the highest concentrations for PCBs. In comparison with 1994, PCB levels in fish decreased strongly during the last decade in these rivers. Lead was detected at low levels (0-181.4ngg(-1) wet wt). Mercury concentrations ranged between 10.3 and 534.5ngg(-1) (wet wt) exceeding maximum tolerable levels for human consumption of 500ngg(-1) in two fish out of 85. Chubs and eels from the Sûre River were the most contaminated by mercury. Cadmium levels varied between 4.0 and 103.9ngg(-1) (wet wt). In addition to mercury in fish, cadmium was the most problematic pollutant on the Our, the Wiltz, the Clerve and the Troine Rivers, because values found in 20% of fish exceeded the threshold of about 10-50ngg(-1) (wet wt) recommended for human health. The total PCB level predicted to accumulate in livers from otter potentially feeding on these fish based on a previously published mathematical model is 37.7microgg(-1) (lipid wt), which is between a proposed "safe level" and a "critical level" for otters. Rivers in the North of Luxembourg are thus to some extent polluted, and the establishment of otter populations could be affected by current levels of contamination.
在卢森堡北部的 7 条河流中,对 4 种鱼类的多氯联苯(PCBs)和重金属镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)和汞(Hg)的污染水平进行了分析。2007 年 8 月至 9 月期间,采集了 85 份鱼样本,分属于 4 种鱼类:石鲷(Barbatula barbatula,n=12 个样本)、圆腹雅罗鱼(Squalius cephalus,n=36)、欧鲶(Barbus barbus,n=23)和鳗鱼(Anguilla anguilla,n=14)。7 种指示性 PCBs(∑7PCBs)的浓度达到 39ngg(-1),湿重范围为 4.0 至 346.2ngg(-1),取决于地点和物种。在 Our 河的 Wallendorf 和 Wiltz 河和 Clerve 河的采样点采集的鱼类,其 PCB 浓度最高。与 1994 年相比,在过去十年中,这些河流中的鱼类 PCB 水平大幅下降。铅的含量较低(0-181.4ngg(-1)湿重)。汞浓度范围为 10.3 至 534.5ngg(-1)(湿重),85 份鱼样本中有 2 份的汞含量超过了 500ngg(-1)这一人类可食用的最大限量。来自 Sure 河的梭子鱼和鳗鱼受汞污染最严重。镉的含量在 4.0 至 103.9ngg(-1)(湿重)之间。除了鱼类中的汞,Our 河、Wiltz 河、Clerve 河和 Troine 河的主要污染物还有镉,因为在 20%的鱼类样本中发现的镉含量超过了约 10-50ngg(-1)(湿重)这一推荐的人类健康阈值。根据之前发表的数学模型,水獭可能以这些鱼为食,预计其肝脏中积累的总 PCB 水平为 37.7microgg(-1)(脂重),处于对水獭“安全水平”和“临界水平”之间。因此,卢森堡北部的河流在一定程度上受到了污染,而水獭种群的建立可能会受到当前污染水平的影响。