Anxiety and Health Research Laboratory at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VA, USA.
Addict Behav. 2010 May;35(5):419-25. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.12.005. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
The present study evaluated differences among daily smokers with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), panic disorder (PD), panic attacks (PA), and no axis I psychopathology (past 6 months) in terms of several cognitive-affective variables implicated in both the onset and maintenance of anxiety psychopathology and cigarette smoking. The sample consisted of 123 daily smokers (62% women: M(age)=29.7, SD=11.9). Compared to the PA and no psychopathology groups, the PTSD group reported significantly higher levels of anxiety sensitivity, discomfort intolerance, negative affectivity, anxious arousal, and anhedonic depression; and, the PTSD group reported significantly lower levels of perceived control over anxiety-related events than the PA group. The PD group, compared to those in the PA and no psychopathology groups, reported significantly higher levels of anxiety sensitivity, negative affectivity, and anxious arousal; and significantly lower levels of perceived control over anxiety-related events. No significant differences were evident between the PTSD and PD groups. Theoretical and clinical implications of the present findings are discussed in terms of smoking and emotional vulnerability.
本研究评估了创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、恐慌症（PD）、恐慌发作（PA）和过去 6 个月内无任何轴 I 精神病理学的每日吸烟者之间在几个认知情感变量方面的差异，这些变量与焦虑精神病理学和吸烟的发生和维持有关。该样本由 123 名每日吸烟者（62%为女性：M（年龄）=29.7，SD=11.9）组成。与 PA 和无精神病理学组相比，PTSD 组报告的焦虑敏感性、不适耐受力、负性情感、焦虑唤醒和快感缺失抑郁程度明显更高；并且，PTSD 组报告的对与焦虑相关事件的感知控制程度明显低于 PA 组。与 PA 和无精神病理学组相比，PD 组报告的焦虑敏感性、负性情感和焦虑唤醒水平明显更高；并且，对与焦虑相关事件的感知控制水平明显更低。PTSD 组和 PD 组之间没有明显差异。本研究结果从吸烟和情绪脆弱性的角度讨论了理论和临床意义。
