Zvolensky Michael J, Gibson Laura E, Vujanovic Anka A, Gregor Kristin, Bernstein Amit, Kahler Christopher, Legues C W, Brown Richard A, Feldner Matthew T
Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2008 Aug;10(8):1415-27. doi: 10.1080/14622200802238951.
The present investigation examined whether daily smokers with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as compared to daily smokers with either anxiety psychopathology or no current Axis I psychopathology, have decreased success in the early phases of a self-guided smoking quit attempt. Participants were 140 daily smokers (81 women; M (age) = 29.5; SD = 11.9; range = 18-65 years); approximately one-third of the sample met criteria for current PTSD (n = 47), one-third met criteria for other current anxiety disorders (without PTSD; n = 33), and one-third did not meet criteria for any current Axis I disorder (n = 60). Consistent with prediction, membership in the PTSD group, compared to membership in the other anxiety disorders group and the group with no current Axis I psychopathology, was associated with increased risk of lapse during the first week following quit day. Additionally, daily smokers with PTSD and other anxiety disorders were at significantly increased risk of relapse during the first week post-cessation compared to persons without Axis I psychopathology. However, the PTSD group and the other anxiety disorders group did not differ from one another in terms of relapse. Results suggest that PTSD is associated with increased risk of smoking lapse and relapse compared to smokers with no current Axis I psychiatric problems, and increased risk of early smoking lapse but not relapse, as compared to those with other anxiety disorders. Findings provide novel evidence that PTSD, and perhaps anxiety disorders more generally, may be important factors in reducing the odds of successful unaided quit attempts in the early phases of cessation.
本研究调查了与患有焦虑症或目前无轴I精神病理学症状的每日吸烟者相比，患有创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的每日吸烟者在自我指导戒烟尝试的早期阶段是否成功率较低。参与者为140名每日吸烟者（81名女性；年龄中位数 = 29.5；标准差 = 11.9；年龄范围 = 18 - 65岁）；样本中约三分之一符合目前PTSD的标准（n = 47），三分之一符合其他目前焦虑症的标准（无PTSD；n = 33），三分之一不符合任何目前轴I障碍的标准（n = 60）。与预测一致，与其他焦虑症组和目前无轴I精神病理学症状的组相比，PTSD组在戒烟日之后的第一周内出现复吸的风险增加。此外，与无轴I精神病理学症状的人相比，患有PTSD和其他焦虑症的每日吸烟者在戒烟后的第一周内复发的风险显著增加。然而，PTSD组和其他焦虑症组在复发方面没有差异。结果表明，与目前无轴I精神疾病问题的吸烟者相比，PTSD与吸烟复吸和复发的风险增加有关；与患有其他焦虑症的吸烟者相比，PTSD导致早期吸烟复吸的风险增加，但复发风险没有增加。研究结果提供了新的证据，表明PTSD，也许更普遍地说焦虑症，可能是降低戒烟早期无辅助成功戒烟几率的重要因素。
