A randomised phase II study of combination chemotherapy with epirubicin, cisplatin and capecitabine (ECX) or cisplatin and capecitabine (CX) in advanced gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND

Both cisplatin/capecitabine (CX) and epirubicin plus CX (ECX) have clearly demonstrated efficacy against advanced gastric cancer (AGC).

METHODS

Chemotherapy-naïve patients with histologically confirmed, measurable AGC were randomised to receive CX (cisplatin 75mg/m(2) iv on day 1 and capecitabine 1000mg/m(2) bid po on days 1-14) or ECX (epirubicin 50mg/m(2) plus CX) every 3weeks. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS).

RESULTS

Of the 91 registered patients, 45 patients were treated with CX and 44 with ECX. A total of 241 CX (median, 6; range, 1-12) and 201 ECX (median, 5; range, 1-11) cycles were delivered. Treatment duration was similar for both arms (4.4 for CX versus 4.2months for ECX). There was no relevant difference in the occurrence of overall grade 3 or 4 toxicities between the CX and ECX arms (80% versus 78%, respectively; P=0.516). However, none in the CX and 12% in the ECX arm discontinued treatment because of toxicity. There were no significant differences in therapeutic efficacy between CX and ECX with respect to the response rate (38% versus 37%, respectively) and PFS (6.4 versus 6.5months).

CONCLUSION

Both CX and ECX appear to be active as first-line chemotherapy for AGC, and the safety profiles are acceptable. Given the comparable efficacy results, CX could be a reasonable standard chemotherapy for untreated AGC patients.