Kingdom F, Moulden B
Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, U.K.
Vision Res. 1991;31(1):151-9. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(91)90082-g.
White's effect is a phenomenon in which grey bars replacing segments of the white phase of a square-wave grating appear darker than those replacing segments of the black phase. The direction of the brightness difference is consistent with brightness assimilation rather than with brightness contrast. We present data from two experiments which measure the degree of the brightness difference in stimuli consisting of just three inducing bars and a single grey test bar, as a function of various spatial manipulations of the inducing and test bars. The spatial manipulations were chosen to maximise the opportunity for assimilation effects to manifest themselves. The results do not support the view that assimilation is an important component of the effect. The data are shown to be consistent with our model of brightness induction in which both a local and a more spatially extensive contrast mechanism operate to produce White's effect.
怀特效应是一种现象，即取代方波光栅白色部分的灰色条纹看起来比取代黑色部分的灰色条纹更暗。亮度差异的方向与亮度同化一致，而非与亮度对比一致。我们展示了来自两个实验的数据，这些实验测量了仅由三根诱导条和一根灰色测试条组成的刺激中亮度差异的程度，该差异程度是诱导条和测试条各种空间操作的函数。选择这些空间操作是为了最大程度地使同化效应得以显现。结果并不支持同化是该效应重要组成部分的观点。数据表明与我们的亮度诱导模型一致，在该模型中，局部和更具空间扩展性的对比机制共同作用以产生怀特效应。
