Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany.
Immunology. 2009 Nov;128(3):311-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03173.x.
Toll-like receptors (TLR) play a central role in the initiation of the innate immune response to pathogens. Upon recognition of molecular motifs specific for microbial molecules TLR mediate pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and enhance antigen presentation; in B cells they further promote expansion, class switch recombination and immunoglobulin secretion. As a result of their adjuvant properties, TLR ligands have become an integral component of antimicrobial vaccines. In spite of this, little is known of the direct effects of TLR engagement on B-lymphocyte function. The scope of this review is to outline the differences in TLR expression and reactivity in murine and human B-cell subsets and to provide an overview of the currently available literature. We will further discuss the possible roles of TLR in regulating B-cell effector functions and shaping antibody-mediated defence against microbial pathogens in vivo.
Toll-like 受体（TLR）在病原体引起的固有免疫反应的启动中发挥核心作用。在识别特定于微生物分子的分子模式后，TLR 介导促炎细胞因子的分泌并增强抗原呈递；在 B 细胞中，它们进一步促进扩增、类别转换重组和免疫球蛋白分泌。由于其佐剂特性，TLR 配体已成为抗菌疫苗的一个组成部分。尽管如此，人们对 TLR 与 B 淋巴细胞功能的直接相互作用知之甚少。这篇综述的范围是概述 TLR 在鼠和人 B 细胞亚群中的表达和反应性的差异，并提供当前文献的概述。我们将进一步讨论 TLR 在调节 B 细胞效应功能以及塑造体内针对微生物病原体的抗体介导防御中的可能作用。
