Pita M, Gosálvez J, Gosálvez A, Nieddu M, López-Fernández C, Mezzanotte R
Unidad de Genética, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid , Spain.
Cytogenet Genome Res. 2009;126(3):253-8. doi: 10.1159/000251962. Epub 2010 Jan 6.
Significant similarity between human and gorilla genomes has been found in all chromosome arms, but not in centromeres, using whole-comparative genomic hybridization (W-CGH). In human chromosomes, centromeric regions, generally containing highly repetitive DNAs, are characterized by the presence of specific human DNA sequences and an absence of homology with gorilla DNA sequences. The only exception is the pericentromeric area of human chromosome 9, which, in addition to a large block of human DNA, also contains a region of homology with gorilla DNA sequences; the localization of these sequences coincides with that of human satellite III. Since highly repetitive DNAs are known for their high mutation frequency, we hypothesized that the chromosome 9 pericentromeric DNA conserved in human chromosomes and deriving from the gorilla genome may thus play some important functional role.
使用全基因组比较杂交(W-CGH)技术发现,人类和大猩猩基因组在所有染色体臂上都存在显著相似性,但在着丝粒区域却没有。在人类染色体中,着丝粒区域通常包含高度重复的DNA,其特征是存在特定的人类DNA序列,且与大猩猩DNA序列缺乏同源性。唯一的例外是人类9号染色体的着丝粒周围区域,除了一大块人类DNA外,还包含一个与大猩猩DNA序列同源的区域;这些序列的定位与人类卫星III的定位一致。由于高度重复的DNA以其高突变频率而闻名,我们推测,人类染色体中保守的、源自大猩猩基因组的9号染色体着丝粒周围DNA可能因此发挥一些重要的功能作用。