Kent State University, Ohio 44242, USA.
J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2010 Jan-Feb;30(1):28-34. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0b013e3181c8594b.
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a multifactorial program that encourages healthy behaviors in persons with a recent cardiovascular event or procedure. Research on the association between CR and health-behavior maintenance has focused on physical activity. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to examine the association of health behaviors (fruit/vegetable consumption and physical activity) and body mass index (BMI) with CR attendance and time since participation in respondents reporting history of myocardial infarction (MI).
This was a cross-sectional study using the 2003 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (n = 1,374). Eligible respondents were those with a history of MI. Outcomes were fruit/vegetable consumption, physical activity, and BMI. Time since CR was based on age at MI and age at survey. Logistic (polytomous) regression was used to identify predictors.
CR attendees were 69% more likely to meet fruit/vegetable guidelines than were nonattendees (P = .02). CR was not associated with meeting physical activity guidelines. CR had a protective, yet nonsignificant effect on BMI. Meeting fruit/vegetable guidelines was associated with CR attendance in the past year (odds ratio = 4.64, confidence interval, CI: 1.03-20.95). CR attendees were 75% less likely to be overweight 1 to 2 years post-CR (CI: 0.08-0.73) and 59% less likely to be obese 2 to 5 years post-CR than were nonattendees (CI: 0.20-0.85).
CR attendance was associated with healthy behaviors, though maintenance diminished over time. Understanding the factors associated with healthy behaviors, and the time when behavior performance decreases, will assist with program planning directed at behavior maintenance.
心脏康复（CR）是一个多因素的项目，鼓励有近期心血管事件或手术的患者养成健康的行为习惯。关于 CR 与健康行为维持之间关系的研究主要集中在身体活动上。因此，本研究的目的是检验健康行为（水果/蔬菜摄入和身体活动）和身体质量指数（BMI）与报告有心肌梗死（MI）病史的受访者的 CR 出勤率和参与时间之间的关系。
这是一项使用 2003 年行为风险因素监测系统（n = 1374）的横断面研究。合格的受访者是那些有 MI 病史的人。结果是水果/蔬菜的摄入量、身体活动和 BMI。CR 时间是根据 MI 年龄和调查年龄计算的。使用逻辑（多项）回归来确定预测因素。
与非参与者相比，参加 CR 的患者更有可能符合水果/蔬菜指南（P =.02）。CR 与符合身体活动指南无关。CR 对 BMI 有保护作用，但无统计学意义。符合水果/蔬菜指南与过去一年的 CR 参与有关（优势比 = 4.64，置信区间，CI：1.03-20.95）。CR 参与者在 CR 后 1 至 2 年内超重的可能性降低了 75%（CI：0.08-0.73），在 CR 后 2 至 5 年内肥胖的可能性降低了 59%（CI：0.20-0.85）比非参与者。
CR 出勤率与健康行为有关，尽管随着时间的推移，维持健康行为的效果会减弱。了解与健康行为相关的因素，以及行为表现下降的时间，将有助于为行为维持制定项目规划。
