Clifton Vicki L, Engel Patricia, Smith Roger, Gibson Peter, Brinsmead Maxwell, Giles Warwick B
Department of Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia.
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2009 Dec;49(6):619-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2009.01077.x.
To determine if there are sex differences in risk and incidence of stillbirth, preterm delivery and small-for-gestational age (SGA) in pregnancies complicated by maternal asthma relative to a non-asthmatic population.
Univariant and multiple regression analysis of the incidence of preterm delivery, SGA and stillbirth in singleton pregnancies complicated by asthma in Newcastle, NSW, Australia, from 1995 to 1999.
Asthma complicated 12% of all singleton pregnancies. The incidence of preterm delivery was not significantly different between asthmatic (13%) and non-asthmatic (11%) pregnancies. Male fetuses (53%) were more likely to deliver preterm than female fetuses (47%) in both asthmatic and non-asthmatic populations. There were significantly more male neonates of pregnancies complicated by asthma that were SGA at term relative to those of the non-asthmatic population. There were significantly more preterm female neonates that were SGA in pregnancies complicated by asthma relative to those of the non-asthmatic population. Male fetuses were more likely to be associated with a stillbirth in pregnancies complicated by asthma than female fetuses.
The presence of maternal asthma during pregnancy increases the risk of stillbirth for the male fetus and is associated with changes in fetal growth, but does not increase the incidence of a preterm delivery.
确定与非哮喘人群相比，患有母亲哮喘的妊娠中死产、早产和小于胎龄儿（SGA）的风险及发生率是否存在性别差异。
对1995年至1999年澳大利亚新南威尔士州纽卡斯尔市单胎妊娠合并哮喘的早产、小于胎龄儿和死产发生率进行单变量和多变量回归分析。
哮喘合并所有单胎妊娠的12%。哮喘妊娠（13%）和非哮喘妊娠（11%）的早产发生率无显著差异。在哮喘和非哮喘人群中，男性胎儿（53%）比女性胎儿（47%）更易早产。与非哮喘人群相比，合并哮喘的妊娠足月时小于胎龄的男性新生儿明显更多。与非哮喘人群相比，合并哮喘的妊娠中早产的小于胎龄女性新生儿明显更多。与女性胎儿相比，合并哮喘的妊娠中男性胎儿更易发生死产。
孕期母亲哮喘的存在增加了男性胎儿的死产风险，并与胎儿生长变化有关，但不会增加早产发生率。
