Department of Physical Therapy/Program in Exercise Science, Strength and Conditioning Research Laboratory, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Feb;24(2):300-6. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181cbaadd.
Plyometric exercises are frequently used in strength and conditioning and rehabilitation programs because the landing phase of these exercises requires dynamic stabilization. This study examined the differences in landing stability of a variety of plyometric exercises by assessing time to stabilization (TTS), its reliability, and sex differences therein. Forty-nine men and women performed a variety of plyometric exercises thought to represent a continuum of difficulty of dynamic stabilization during landing. Plyometric exercises included line hops, cone hops, squat jumps, tuck jumps, countermovement jumps, dumbbell countermovement jumps, and single leg countermovement jumps, each performed for 3 repetitions on a force platform. A 2-way mixed analysis of covariance with repeated measures for plyometric exercise type was used to evaluate the main effects for plyometric exercise type and the interaction between plyometric exercise type and sex for TTS. Subject jumping ability was evaluated as a covariate. Results revealed significant main effects for plyometric exercise type (p < or = 0.001) and for the interaction between plyometric exercise type and sex (p = 0.002). Bonferroni adjusted post hoc analysis demonstrated differences in TTS between a number of plyometric exercises for men and women. Reliability analysis revealed intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.51 to 0.86 with no significant difference between trials (p > 0.05). Practitioners who use plyometrics to train dynamic stability should create programs that progress the intensity of the exercises based on the results of this study. This study also demonstrated that TTS is moderately to highly reliable for a variety of jumping conditions for both men and women.
跳躍式訓練經常被用於力量和健身康復計劃中，因為這些訓練的著地階段需要動態穩定性。本研究通過評估穩定時間（TTS）及其可靠性，以及其中的性別差異，檢查了各種跳躍式訓練的著地穩定性差異。49 名男性和女性進行了各種跳躍式訓練，這些訓練被認為代表了著地時動態穩定性難度的連續性。跳躍式訓練包括線跳、錐形跳、深蹲跳、蹲踞跳、反動跳、啞鈴反動跳和單腿反動跳，每種跳躍在力學平臺上各完成 3 次。使用具有重複措施的 2 路混合分析共變量來評估跳躍式訓練類型的主要效應以及跳躍式訓練類型和性別之間的互動效應對 TTS 的影響。受試者的跳躍能力被評估為協變量。研究結果顯示，跳躍式訓練類型的主要效應（p≤0.001）和跳躍式訓練類型和性別之間的互動效應（p=0.002）均具有顯著性。Bonferroni 校正後的事後分析表明，男女之間多種跳躍式訓練的 TTS 存在差異。可靠性分析顯示，內部一致性系數介於 0.51 到 0.86 之間，試驗之間無顯著差異（p＞0.05）。使用跳躍式訓練來培訓動態穩定性的從業者應根據本研究的結果，為不同性別的受試者制定逐漸增加訓練強度的計劃。本研究還表明，TTS 對於男性和女性的各種跳躍情況具有中度到高度的可靠性。
