Suchomel Timothy J, Wagle John P, Douglas Jamie, Taber Christopher B, Harden Mellissa, Haff G Gregory, Stone Michael H
Department of Human Movement Sciences, Carroll University, Waukesha, WI 53186, USA.
Directorate of Sport, Exercise, and Physiotherapy, University of Salford, Salford, Greater Manchester M6 6PU, UK.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2019 Aug 9;4(3):55. doi: 10.3390/jfmk4030055.
The purpose of this review is to provide strength and conditioning practitioners with recommendations on how best to implement tempo eccentric training (TEMPO), flywheel inertial training (FIT), accentuated eccentric loading (AEL), and plyometric training (PT) into resistance training programs that seek to improve an athlete's hypertrophy, strength, and power output. Based on the existing literature, TEMPO may be best implemented with weaker athletes to benefit positional strength and hypertrophy due to the time under tension. FIT may provide an effective hypertrophy, strength, and power stimulus for untrained and weaker individuals; however, stronger individuals may not receive the same eccentric (ECC) overload stimulus. Although AEL may be implemented throughout the training year to benefit hypertrophy, strength, and power output, this strategy is better suited for stronger individuals. When weaker and stronger individuals are exposed to PT, they are exposed to an ECC overload stimulus as a result of increases in the ECC force and ECC rate of force development. In conclusion, when choosing to utilize ECC training methods, the practitioner must integrate these methods into a holistic training program that is designed to improve the athlete's performance capacity.
本综述的目的是为体能训练从业者提供建议，指导他们如何在旨在提高运动员肌肉肥大、力量和功率输出的阻力训练计划中，以最佳方式实施节奏离心训练（TEMPO）、飞轮惯性训练（FIT）、强化离心负荷训练（AEL）和增强式训练（PT）。根据现有文献，对于较弱的运动员，TEMPO可能是最佳选择，因为其在张力下的时间，有助于提高位置力量和肌肉肥大。FIT可能为未经训练和较弱的个体提供有效的肌肉肥大、力量和功率刺激；然而，较强的个体可能无法获得相同的离心（ECC）超负荷刺激。虽然AEL可在全年训练中实施，以促进肌肉肥大、力量和功率输出，但该策略更适合较强的个体。当较弱和较强的个体进行PT训练时，由于ECC力量和ECC力量发展速率的增加，他们会受到ECC超负荷刺激。总之，当选择使用ECC训练方法时，从业者必须将这些方法融入一个全面的训练计划中，该计划旨在提高运动员的表现能力。
