隆比人群 50 年随访中的精神病障碍发生率。

Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, the Lundby Study, Lund University Hospital, St Lars, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden.

Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2010 Jan;44(1):31-9. doi: 10.3109/00048670903393647.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the present study was to analyse first incidence of psychotic disorders in the Lundby population during a 50 year period by comparing male and female age at onset, overall incidence rates and age-specific incidence rates.

METHOD

The Lundby Study is a prospective study of the mental health of a complete community population (n = 3563), which was followed from 1947 to 1997. Data from interviews, registers, case files and key informants were accumulated via four waves of field work (1947 1957, 1972 and 1997). Mean and median age at onset, and overall and age-specific incidence rates, for the first episodes of major groups of psychotic disorders according to the DSM-IV were calculated (the major groups were: any psychotic disorder, psychotic disorder due to a general medical condition, substance-induced psychotic disorder, non-affective psychotic disorder, schizophrenia, other non-affective psychotic disorder and affective psychotic disorder). Male-female differences in mean ages at onset and overall incidence rates were tested. Male-female differences in incidence by age patterns were described.

RESULTS

The overall 50 year incidence rate in male subjects was higher than in female subjects for substance-induced psychotic disorder, but for the other disorders the overall rates did not differ significantly between the sexes. The male mean age at onset was lower than that for female subjects for any psychotic disorder, psychotic disorder due to a general medical condition, non-affective psychotic disorder and schizophrenia. Male and female subjects had different incidences by age patterns for any psychotic disorder, non-affective psychotic disorder, schizophrenia and other non-affective psychotic disorder, with a male preponderance among early-onset cases, and a female preponderance among late-onset cases.

CONCLUSION

The differences in incidence between the sexes in this 50 year follow up may indicate psychotic disorder-delaying mechanisms in female subjects, or different aetiologies of psychosis in male and female subjects.

目的

本研究旨在通过比较男女性别发病年龄、总发病率和年龄特异性发病率，分析 50 年内 Lundby 人群首发精神障碍的发病情况。

方法

Lundby 研究是一项对完整社区人群（n=3563）心理健康的前瞻性研究，从 1947 年至 1997 年进行随访。通过四轮实地调查（1947 年、1957 年、1972 年和 1997 年），收集访谈、登记、病例档案和关键信息提供者的数据。根据 DSM-IV，计算了主要精神障碍组首发发作的平均和中位发病年龄、总发病率和年龄特异性发病率（主要组包括：任何精神障碍、由一般医疗状况引起的精神障碍、物质引起的精神障碍、非情感性精神障碍、精神分裂症、其他非情感性精神障碍和情感性精神障碍）。检验了男女发病年龄和总发病率的均值差异。描述了按年龄模式的发病率性别差异。

结果

在男性中，物质引起的精神障碍的总 50 年发病率高于女性，但在其他疾病中，男女之间的总发病率没有显著差异。任何精神障碍、由一般医疗状况引起的精神障碍、非情感性精神障碍和精神分裂症的男性平均发病年龄均低于女性。任何精神障碍、非情感性精神障碍、精神分裂症和其他非情感性精神障碍的男女患者的发病率均按年龄模式不同，早发性病例男性居多，晚发性病例女性居多。