Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
J Integr Plant Biol. 2010 Jan;52(1):77-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2010.00902.x.
Plants coordinate their development using long-distance signaling. The vascular system provides a route for long-distance movement, and specifically the xylem for root-to-shoot signaling. Root-to-shoot signals play roles communicating soil conditions, and these signals are important for agricultural water conservation. Using genetic approaches, the Arabidopsis bypass1 (bps1) mutant, which over-produces a root-derived signal, was identified. Although bps1 mutants have both root and shoot defects, the shoot can develop normally if the roots are removed, and the mutant root is sufficient to induce arrest of the wild-type shoot. BYPASS1 encodes a protein with no functionally characterized domains, and BPS1-like genes are found in plant genomes, but not the genomes of animals. Analyses of hormone pathways indicate that the mobile compound that arises in bps1 roots requires carotenoid biosynthesis, but it is neither abscisic acid nor strigolactone. The current model suggests that BPS1 is required to prevent the synthesis of a novel substance that moves from the root to the shoot, where it modifies shoot growth by interfering with auxin signaling.
植物使用长距离信号来协调它们的发育。血管系统为长距离运动提供了途径，特别是木质部用于根到梢的信号传递。根到梢的信号在传达土壤条件方面起着重要作用，这些信号对农业节水很重要。通过遗传方法，鉴定出拟南芥旁路 1（bps1）突变体，该突变体过度产生一种根衍生的信号。尽管 bps1 突变体既有根又有梢缺陷，但如果去除根，梢可以正常发育，并且突变体根足以诱导野生型梢的停止。BYPASS1 编码一种没有功能特征结构域的蛋白质，并且 BPS1 样基因存在于植物基因组中，但不存在于动物基因组中。激素途径的分析表明，在 bps1 根中产生的可移动化合物需要类胡萝卜素生物合成，但它既不是脱落酸也不是独脚金内酯。目前的模型表明，BPS1 是防止从根到梢移动的新物质合成所必需的，该物质通过干扰生长素信号转导来改变梢的生长。
