Webb J J, Duncan C H, McIntosh R, Lester D
Appl Opt. 1970 Feb 1;9(2):345-9. doi: 10.1364/AO.9.000345.
Solar spectral irradiance measurements were made from NASA's Convair 990 research aircraft using a Leiss double prism monochromator and a GSFC modified Eppley Mark V radiometer. Six flights were made over the Pacific and western United States at an altitude of 11.58 km. Excellent agreement is noted between the two instruments through a wavelength range of 0.3-1.1 micro, even though they are optically and electronically dissimilar. Instrument calibrations were performed in flight using an NBS type quartz-iodine standard of spectral irradiance. Extrapolation to zero air mass was facilitated by the fact that at 11.58 km the aircraft was above 80% of the permanent gases of the atmosphere and more importantly above 99.9% of the water vapor and all the atmospheric pollutants. The resulting solar spectral curves differ significantly from Johnson's in several regions. Solar constant measurements made with other flight instruments resulted in a value of 0.1351 W cm(-2), which is about 3.3% less than Johnson's, but is in good agreement with recently published values of Drummond, Laue, and others.
利用一台莱斯双棱镜单色仪和一台美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心改装的埃普利Mark V型辐射计，在美国国家航空航天局的康维尔990研究飞机上进行了太阳光谱辐照度测量。在太平洋上空和美国西部进行了6次飞行，飞行高度为11.58千米。尽管这两台仪器在光学和电子方面存在差异，但在0.3 - 1.1微米的波长范围内，两台仪器的测量结果吻合得很好。在飞行过程中，使用美国国家标准局的石英碘光谱辐照度标准对仪器进行了校准。由于飞机在11.58千米高度时位于大气中80%以上的永久性气体之上，更重要的是位于99.9%以上的水汽和所有大气污染物之上，这便于将测量结果外推至空气质量为零的情况。所得的太阳光谱曲线在几个区域与约翰逊的曲线有显著差异。用其他飞行仪器进行的太阳常数测量得出的值为0.1351瓦/平方厘米，比约翰逊的值约低3.3%，但与德拉蒙德、劳厄等人最近发表的值吻合良好。
