Thekaekara M P
Appl Opt. 1976 Apr 1;15(4):915-20. doi: 10.1364/AO.15.000915.
The present status of our knowledge of the total and spectral irradiance of the sun is briefly reviewed. The currently accepted NASA/ASTM standard values of the solar constant and the extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance are presented. The uncertainties in these values are relatively high. Data on the variability of the solar constant are conflicting and inconclusive. The variability of solar spectral irradiance. is almost totally unknown and unexplored. Some alleged sun-weather relationships are cited in support of the need of knowing more precisely the variations in total and spectral solar irradiance. An overview of the solar monitoring program of NASA is presented, with special emphasis on the Solar Energy Monitor in Space (SEMIS) experiment which has been proposed for several of the spacecraft missions. It is a combination of a solar constant detector and a prism monochromator.
本文简要回顾了我们对太阳总辐照度和光谱辐照度的了解现状。给出了目前美国国家航空航天局（NASA）/美国材料与试验协会（ASTM）认可的太阳常数和地外太阳光谱辐照度的标准值。这些值的不确定性相对较高。关于太阳常数变化的数据相互矛盾且尚无定论。太阳光谱辐照度的变化几乎完全未知且未被探索。文中引用了一些所谓的太阳与天气的关系，以支持更精确了解太阳总辐照度和光谱辐照度变化的必要性。介绍了美国国家航空航天局的太阳监测计划概况，特别强调了已被提议用于多个航天器任务的空间太阳能监测器（SEMIS）实验。它是太阳常数探测器和棱镜单色仪的组合。
