Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2010 May;88(5):1752-8. doi: 10.2527/jas.2009-2441. Epub 2010 Jan 15.
Evaluations of the nutritional impact of antibiotics have largely centered on effects related to the digestibility and utilization of protein and energy. Recent research has demonstrated that virginiamycin increases P digestibility. Because of the importance of P in diet cost and in waste management plans, the present study evaluated the potential impact of 2 additional antibiotics, bacitracin methylene disalicylate (bacitracin) and tylosin, on P digestibility in swine. A total of 48 barrows (mean initial BW, 63.0 to 82.9 kg) were used in 2 nutrient balance experiments. A basal corn-soybean meal diet that was not supplemented with any inorganic source of P was used in each experiment. In Exp. 1, two diets were tested: basal vs. basal plus 33.1 mg of bacitracin/kg of diet. In Exp. 2, two diets were also tested: basal vs. basal plus 44.1 mg of tylosin/kg of diet. In both experiments, the pigs were fed their diets for a minimum of 12 d before fecal and urine collection, and pigs were fed the diet at 2.7% of BW during the adaptation and collection period. In Exp. 1, the apparent DM, Ca, and P digestibility values for the basal and bacitracin diets were 91.69, 65.96, and 43.03 vs. 91.47, 65.46, and 41.79%, respectively, and did not differ by diet. In Exp. 2, the DM, Ca, and P digestibility values for the basal and tylosin diets were 91.03, 62.17, and 38.80 vs. 91.11, 63.20, and 40.10%, respectively, and did not differ by diet. The effect of the antibiotics on gut microflora was also appraised but the evaluations failed to demonstrate an effect on the microflora measured, with the exception that tylosin decreased the number of phytate-utilizing bacteria (P = 0.05). Therefore, because these 2 antibiotics did not demonstrate an improvement in P digestibility, improvements in P digestibility seem to be an antibiotic-specific response rather than a generalized antibiotic response.
抗生素的营养影响评估主要集中在与蛋白质和能量的消化和利用相关的效果上。最近的研究表明，维吉尼亚霉素可提高磷的消化率。由于磷在饲料成本和废物管理计划中的重要性，本研究评估了另外两种抗生素，杆菌肽甲基双水杨酸盐（杆菌肽）和泰乐菌素，对猪磷消化率的潜在影响。共有 48 头阉公猪（平均初始体重 63.0 至 82.9 千克）用于 2 个营养平衡试验。每个试验均使用不添加任何无机磷源的基础玉米-豆粕日粮。在试验 1 中，测试了两种日粮：基础日粮与基础日粮加 33.1 毫克杆菌肽/千克日粮。在试验 2 中，还测试了两种日粮：基础日粮与基础日粮加 44.1 毫克泰乐菌素/千克日粮。在这两个试验中，在收集粪便和尿液之前，猪至少要先饲喂这些日粮 12 天，在适应和收集期间，猪以其体重的 2.7%饲喂这些日粮。在试验 1 中，基础日粮和杆菌肽日粮的表观干物质、钙和磷消化率值分别为 91.69%、65.96%和 43.03%，91.47%、65.46%和 41.79%，日粮之间无差异。在试验 2 中，基础日粮和泰乐菌素日粮的干物质、钙和磷消化率值分别为 91.03%、62.17%和 38.80%，91.11%、63.20%和 40.10%，日粮之间无差异。还评估了抗生素对肠道微生物群的影响，但评估结果未能证明对所测量的微生物群有影响，除了泰乐菌素减少了植酸利用菌的数量（P=0.05）。因此，由于这两种抗生素没有提高磷的消化率，提高磷的消化率似乎是抗生素特有的反应，而不是普遍的抗生素反应。
