Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 4306 Walker building, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Pharmacol Rep. 2009 Nov-Dec;61(6):966-77. doi: 10.1016/s1734-1140(09)70158-6.
Studies have implicated methamphetamine exposure as a contributor to the development of Parkinson's disease. There is a significant degree of striatal dopamine depletion produced by methamphetamine, which makes the toxin useful in the creation of an animal model of Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with selective degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. The immediate need is to understand the substances that increase the risk for this debilitating disorder as well as these substances'neurodegenerative mechanisms. Currently, various approaches are being taken to develop a novel and cost-effective anti-Parkinson's drug with minimal adverse effects and the added benefit of a neuroprotective effect to facilitate and improve the care of patients with Parkinson's disease. Amethamphetamine-treated animal model for Parkinson's disease can help to further the understanding of the neurodegenerative processes that target the nigrostriatal system. Studies on widely used drugs of abuse, which are also dopaminergic toxicants, may aid in understanding the etiology, pathophysiology and progression of the disease process and increase awareness of the risks involved in such drug abuse. In addition, this review evaluates the possible neuroprotective mechanisms of certain drugs against methamphetamine-induced toxicity.
研究表明，甲基苯丙胺暴露是导致帕金森病的一个因素。甲基苯丙胺会导致纹状体多巴胺大量耗竭，这使得这种毒素可用于创建帕金森病的动物模型。帕金森病是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，与黑质纹状体多巴胺能神经元的选择性退化有关。目前当务之急是了解增加这种使人衰弱的疾病风险的物质以及这些物质的神经退行性机制。目前，正在采取各种方法来开发一种新型且具有成本效益的抗帕金森病药物，其具有最小的不良反应，并且具有神经保护作用，以促进和改善帕金森病患者的护理。用安非他命处理的帕金森病动物模型有助于进一步了解针对黑质纹状体系统的神经退行性过程。对广泛使用的滥用药物（也是多巴胺毒性物质）的研究可能有助于了解疾病过程的病因、病理生理学和进展，并提高对这种药物滥用所涉及风险的认识。此外，本综述评估了某些药物对甲基苯丙胺诱导的毒性的可能神经保护机制。
