Université Montpellier 2 Université Montpellier 1 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR5535, IFR122, Montpellier, France.
FEBS J. 2010 Feb;277(4):867-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07522.x. Epub 2010 Jan 15.
The retroviral life cycle requires that significant amounts of RNA remain unspliced and perform several functions in the cytoplasm. Thus, the full-length RNA serves both the viral genetic material that will be encapsulated in viral particles and the mRNA encoding structural and enzymatic proteins required for viral replication. Simple retroviruses produce one single-spliced env RNA from the full-length precursor RNA, whereas complex retroviruses, such as HIV, are characterized by the production of multiple-spliced RNA species. In this review we will summarize the current acknowledge about the HIV-1 alternative splicing mechanism and will describe how this malleable process can help further understanding of infection, spread and dissemination through splicing regulation. Such studies coupled with the testing of splicing inhibitors should help the development of new therapeutic antiviral agents.
逆转录病毒的生命周期需要大量未剪接的 RNA 并在细胞质中发挥几种功能。因此，全长 RNA 既是将被包裹在病毒颗粒中的病毒遗传物质，也是编码病毒复制所需的结构和酶蛋白的 mRNA。简单的逆转录病毒从全长前体 RNA 产生一种单剪接的 env RNA，而复杂的逆转录病毒，如 HIV，其特征是产生多种剪接的 RNA 种类。在这篇综述中，我们将总结目前关于 HIV-1 选择性剪接机制的认识，并描述这种可塑的过程如何通过剪接调控帮助我们进一步理解感染、传播和扩散。这些研究结合剪接抑制剂的测试，应该有助于开发新的治疗性抗病毒药物。
