Departamento de Radiologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar 255, São Paulo, Brazil.
Radiographics. 2010 Jan;30(1):253-67. doi: 10.1148/rg.301095092.
Helminthic diseases have a worldwide distribution. They affect billions of people in endemic areas and can result in serious clinical complications. Some parasites have a human gastrointestinal life cycle with resultant abdominal manifestations. However, the symptoms of helminthic diseases are usually nonspecific. Radiologic imaging, along with the identification of risk factors, may help narrow the differential diagnosis. To avoid diagnostic delays, radiologists should be familiar with the geographic distribution, transmission cycle, and characteristic and atypical manifestations of common helminthic diseases at abdominal imaging with radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography. Awareness of the clinical, epidemiologic, and pathogenic characteristics of these diseases also may be helpful for narrowing the diagnosis when imaging features are nonspecific.
寄生虫病分布广泛。在流行地区，数十亿人受到影响，并可能导致严重的临床并发症。一些寄生虫在人体胃肠道内完成其生命周期，导致腹部表现。然而，寄生虫病的症状通常是非特异性的。放射影像学检查，加上对危险因素的识别，可能有助于缩小鉴别诊断的范围。为了避免诊断延误，放射科医生应该熟悉常见寄生虫病在腹部影像学检查（包括 X 线摄影、计算机断层扫描、磁共振成像和超声检查）中的地理分布、传播周期以及特征性和非特征性表现。了解这些疾病的临床、流行病学和发病特点也有助于在影像学特征不典型时缩小诊断范围。
