Instituto do Coração, HC, FM, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2009 Nov;93(5):506-10. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2009001100011.
Circulatory diseases (CD) are the major cause of death in Brazil, being cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) predominant. In developed countries ischemic heart diseases (IHD) predominate.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the ratio between cerebrovascular diseases/ischemic heart diseases (CVD/IHD) in males and females who were 30 years of age and older.
Population estimates and mortality data for CD, IHD and CVD were provided by the Ministry of Health for the period between 1980 and 2005. The risk of death from IHD and CVD per 100,000 Brazilians and CVD/IHD ratio were analyzed in 10-year age ranges as of 30 years of age. The risk of death was adjusted by direct method by using 1960 world population as the standard population.
It was observed that the risk of death from IHD and CVD increased exponentially as age advanced. CVD was the major cause of death in Brazil until 1996, when IHD took the lead. In the period between 1980 and 2005 a 33.25% reduction in death risk from CD was observed in the Brazilian population. In that same period, the metropolitan area of the capital city of São Paulo reported a 45.44% reduction. The CVD/IHD ratio was shown to be higher among younger women - from 2.53 in 1980 down to 2.04 in 2005 in the Brazilian population, and from 2.76 in 1980 down to 1.96 in the metropolitan area of the capital city of São Paulo, with decreasing figures for subsequent age ranges. Among males, the CVD/IHD ratio was close to < 1 in all age ranges.
A transition in death risk from CD could be observed in Brazil, with current predominance of IHD.
循环系统疾病（CD）是巴西的主要死亡原因，其中脑血管疾病（CVD）占主导地位。在发达国家，缺血性心脏病（IHD）占主导地位。
本研究旨在调查 30 岁及以上男性和女性中脑血管疾病/缺血性心脏病（CVD/IHD）的比例。
卫生部提供了 1980 年至 2005 年期间 CD、IHD 和 CVD 的人口估计和死亡率数据。分析了每 10 万巴西人 CVD 和 IHD 的死亡风险以及 CVD/IHD 比值，分为 30 岁及以上的 10 年年龄组。使用 1960 年世界人口作为标准人口，通过直接法调整死亡率。
观察到 IHD 和 CVD 的死亡风险随年龄增长呈指数增长。CVD 一直是巴西的主要死亡原因，直到 1996 年 IHD 成为主要死因。在 1980 年至 2005 年期间，巴西人口的 CD 死亡风险降低了 33.25%。同期，巴西首都圣保罗大都市区的这一比例下降了 45.44%。CVD/IHD 比值在年轻女性中较高——从 1980 年的 2.53 降至 2005 年的 2.04，从 1980 年的 2.76 降至 2005 年的首都圣保罗大都市区的 1.96，随后各年龄段的数字均有所下降。在男性中，各年龄段的 CVD/IHD 比值均接近<1。
巴西的 CD 死亡风险可能发生了转变，目前 IHD 占主导地位。
