Laboratorio di Neurogenetica, Centro Europeo di Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura, a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Santa Lucia, 64 Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 00143, Rome, Italy.
Curr Med Chem. 2010;17(7):595-608. doi: 10.2174/092986710790416272.
In regenerative medicine, stem cells are currently considered ideal candidates for the treatment of diseases and injuries of the nervous system, for which, at present, there are no effective treatments. Promising results have been shown by clinical trials for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's diseases, but also for demyelinising disorders and traumatic lesions of the brain and spinal cord. The proof-of-principle is that the replacement of damaged cells and the restoration of function can be accomplished by the transplantation of embryonic or adult stem cells. Advancements in stem cell biology were recently propelled by the ability to generate induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from fibroblasts of several neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Spinal Muscular Atrophy). In this review, we discuss the molecular basis of stem cell therapy and the advancement of research on regenerative medicine for diseases and injuries of the nervous system.
在再生医学中，干细胞目前被认为是治疗神经系统疾病和损伤的理想候选者，而对于这些疾病和损伤，目前尚无有效的治疗方法。临床试验已经显示出有希望的结果，例如针对帕金森病等神经退行性疾病，以及脱髓鞘疾病和脑和脊髓创伤性损伤。原理验证是通过移植胚胎或成体干细胞可以实现对受损细胞的替换和功能的恢复。最近，通过从几种神经退行性疾病（例如帕金森病和亨廷顿病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化症和脊髓性肌萎缩症）的成纤维细胞中生成诱导多能干细胞（iPS）细胞，推动了干细胞生物学的进展。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了干细胞治疗的分子基础以及神经系统疾病和损伤的再生医学研究的进展。
