Rasoulouniriana Diana, Siboni Nachshon, Ben-Dov Eitan, Kramarsky-Winter Esti, Loya Yossi, Kushmaro Ariel
Unit of Environmental Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, PO Box 653, Be'er-Sheva 84105, Israel.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2009 Nov 16;87(1-2):91-6. doi: 10.3354/dao02089.
Black band disease (BBD) is a widespread coral disease which mainly infects massive framework-building corals. BBD is believed to be caused by a consortium of microorganisms and may not result from the actions of a primary pathogen. The BBD microbial community is dominated, in terms of biomass, by filamentous cyanobacteria. Here we describe a cyanobacterial strain, designated BgP10_4S(T), cultured from a BBD-affected Favia sp. 25 degreesoal from the northern Red Sea (Gulf of Eilat, Israel). This dark-green pigmented cyanobacterium showed optimal growth at salinities of 5.0 to 5.5% (w/v), pH of 7 to 8 and cultivation temperatures of 25 0C. Morphological examination revealed cylindrical, unbranched trichomes with tapering and blunt cells at the ends which leave a thin mucilaginous trail as they glide. No sheath was evident under these conditions. Inclusion bodies and straight thylakoids were clearly discerned by transmission electron microscopy. Pigment analysis revealed absorption spectra for phycocyanin, carotenoid and chlorophyll a. The sequence of the 16S rRNA gene in this cyanobac(t)erium isolate showed high similarity (99%) to cyanobacterial sequences retrieved from BBD-affected corals from different geographical sites (i.e. the Caribbean Sea, Palau and the Red Sea). The BgP10_4ST strain is observed to be a persisten(t) component of the BBD mat of Faviid corals and may thus be an important agent in the disease etiology. On the basis (of its morphological, physiological and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain BgP10_4ST represents a novel genus and species of Subsection III (formerly Oscillatoriales), for which the name Pseudoscillatoria coralii gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed.
黑带病（BBD）是一种广泛存在的珊瑚疾病，主要感染大型造礁珊瑚。人们认为黑带病是由多种微生物共同作用引起的，可能并非由单一主要病原体的活动导致。就生物量而言，黑带病微生物群落以丝状蓝细菌为主。在此，我们描述了一株从红海北部（以色列埃拉特湾）受黑带病影响的蜂巢珊瑚属物种中培养出的蓝细菌菌株，命名为BgP10_4S(T)。这种深绿色色素沉着的蓝细菌在盐度为5.0至5.5%（w/v）、pH值为7至8以及培养温度为25℃时生长最佳。形态学检查显示，其藻丝呈圆柱形、无分支，两端细胞逐渐变细且钝圆，滑行时会留下一条薄薄的黏液痕迹。在这些条件下未观察到明显的鞘。通过透射电子显微镜清晰地辨别出了包涵体和直的类囊体。色素分析揭示了藻蓝蛋白、类胡萝卜素和叶绿素a的吸收光谱。该蓝细菌分离株的16S rRNA基因序列与从不同地理区域（即加勒比海、帕劳和红海）受黑带病影响的珊瑚中检索到的蓝细菌序列具有高度相似性（99%）。观察发现BgP10_4ST菌株是蜂巢珊瑚属珊瑚黑带病菌席的一个持续组成部分，因此可能是该疾病病因中的一个重要病原体。基于其形态、生理和系统发育的独特性，BgP10_4ST菌株代表了第III亚组（原颤藻目）中的一个新属和新种，为此提议将其命名为珊瑚假颤藻属（Pseudoscillatoria coralii），新属，新种。
