Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 Mar;21(3):182-8. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.09.006. Epub 2010 Jan 21.
It is not known whether dietary intake of plant stanols or sterols changes the composition of arterial sterols. Therefore, we compared serum and carotid artery cholesterol and non-cholesterol sterols after plant stanol (staest) or sterol (steest) ester feeding in endarterectomized patients.
Elderly statin-treated asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were randomized double-blind to consume staest (n=11) or steest (n=11) spread (2 g of stanol or sterol/day) for four weeks preoperatively. Non-cholesterol sterols from serum and carotid artery tissue were analysed with gas-liquid chromatography. Staest spread lowered serum total (17.2%), VLDL, and LDL cholesterol and serum triglycerides, while steest spread lowered serum total (13.8%) and LDL cholesterol levels from baseline (p<0.05 for all). Serum cholestanol and avenasterol were decreased in both groups, but campesterol and sitosterol were decreased by staest and increased by steest from baseline (p<0.05 from baseline and between the groups). Serum sitostanol to cholesterol ratio was increased by staest, but in arterial tissue this ratio was similar in both groups. On staest, lathosterol, campesterol, and sitosterol, and on steest sitosterol and avenasterol correlated significantly between serum and arterial tissue. Cholesterol metabolism, eg. lathosterol/campesterol, suggested that plant sterols were reduced in serum and in arterial tissue during staest.
The novel observations were that plant stanol ester consumption, in contrast to plant sterols, tended to reduce carotid artery plant sterols in statin-treated patients. Furthermore, despite increased serum sitostanol contents during plant stanol ester consumption, their arterial levels were unchanged suggesting that sitostanol is not taken up into the arterial wall.
目前尚不清楚植物甾烷醇或甾醇的饮食摄入量是否会改变动脉甾醇的组成。因此，我们比较了颈动脉内膜切除术患者在植物甾烷醇（staest）或甾醇（steest）酯喂养前后血清和颈动脉胆固醇和非胆固醇甾醇的变化。
老年他汀类药物治疗的无症状颈动脉内膜切除术患者随机分为两组，双盲接受 staest（n=11）或 steest（n=11）涂抹剂（每天 2 克甾烷醇或甾醇），术前 4 周。采用气相色谱法分析血清和颈动脉组织中的非胆固醇甾醇。staest 涂抹剂降低了血清总胆固醇（17.2%）、VLDL 和 LDL 胆固醇及血清甘油三酯，而 steest 涂抹剂降低了血清总胆固醇（13.8%）和 LDL 胆固醇水平（所有 p<0.05）。两组血清胆甾烷醇和菜油甾醇均降低，但谷甾醇和豆甾醇降低 staest，升高 steest （与基线相比，p<0.05）。血清豆甾烷醇与胆固醇比值升高 staest，但动脉组织中两组间无差异。在 staest 上，菜油甾醇、谷甾醇和豆甾醇，以及在 steest 上豆甾醇和菜油甾醇在血清和动脉组织之间呈显著相关。胆固醇代谢，如 lathosterol/campesterol，表明植物甾醇在 staest 治疗患者的血清和动脉组织中减少。
新的观察结果是，与植物甾醇相比，植物甾烷醇酯的消耗倾向于降低他汀类药物治疗患者的颈动脉植物甾醇。此外，尽管在植物甾烷醇酯消耗期间血清中 sitostanol 含量增加，但动脉水平不变，表明 sitostanol 不被摄取到动脉壁中。
