Department of Neurology, 300 Jefferson Hospital for Neurosciences Building, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
Int Rev Immunol. 2010;29(1):56-76. doi: 10.3109/08830180903349644.
Cellular apoptosis induced by T cells is mainly mediated by two pathways. One, granule exocytosis utilizes perforin/granzymes. The other involves signaling through death receptors of the TNF-alpha R super-family, especially FasL. Perforin plays a central role in apoptosis induced by granzymes. However, the mechanisms of perforin-mediated cytotoxicity are still not elucidated completely. Perforin is not only a pore-forming protein, but also performs multiple biological functions or perforin performs one biological function (cytolysis), but has multiple biological implications in the cellular immune responses, including regulation of proliferation of CD8+ CTLs.
由 T 细胞诱导的细胞凋亡主要通过两条途径介导。一条途径是通过颗粒外排利用穿孔素/颗粒酶。另一条途径涉及 TNF-α R 超家族死亡受体的信号转导，特别是 FasL。穿孔素在颗粒酶诱导的凋亡中发挥核心作用。然而，穿孔素介导的细胞毒性的机制仍未完全阐明。穿孔素不仅是一种形成孔的蛋白，还具有多种生物学功能，或者穿孔素执行一种生物学功能（细胞溶解），但在细胞免疫反应中具有多种生物学意义，包括调节 CD8+ CTL 的增殖。
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