Quercia O, Emiliani F, Foschi F G, Stefanini G F
Allergology High Speciality Unit, General Medicine, Faenza Hospital, AUSL Ravenna, Italy.
Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009 Oct;41(5):152-4.
In literature it has been described a high risk of systemic reaction after blood-sucking Dyptera bites, like mosquitoes and horsefly, in people sensitive to hymenoptera. A 51 year old man, allergic to hymenoptera venom and with a history of i.v. reaction after Mueller, who has been treated with Vespula sp. ITS for the last 3 years, was stung by a yellow, black and green insect on the neck. Five minutes after the bite, he suffered generalized hitching and urticaria, oral cavity and lower limbs paresthesia, followed by lost of consciousness. At the Emergency Room he was successfully treated with adrenaline, intravenous antihistamines and corticosteroid. The description of the insect as well as the lack of the sting on the site suggested a wasp as the culprit. By studying one of these insect that has been captured by the patient, it turned out it wasn't a Vespula, but a horsefly, the Tabanus bovinus, which resembles Hymenoptera. Skin prick test and RAST for Tabanus confirmed the allergology diagnosis. In conclusion, also Tabanus bovines can cause systemic reaction up to anaphylactic shock.
文献中描述,对于对膜翅目昆虫过敏的人来说,被吸血双翅目昆虫(如蚊子和马蝇)叮咬后有发生全身反应的高风险。一名51岁男性,对膜翅目昆虫毒液过敏,有在接受穆勒治疗后发生静脉反应的病史,过去3年一直接受黄蜂免疫治疗,他的颈部被一只黄黑绿相间的昆虫蜇了一下。叮咬后五分钟,他出现全身瘙痒和荨麻疹、口腔及下肢感觉异常,随后失去意识。在急诊室,他通过注射肾上腺素、静脉注射抗组胺药和皮质类固醇成功得到治疗。对该昆虫的描述以及叮咬部位没有蜇刺痕迹表明罪魁祸首是一只黄蜂。通过研究患者捕获的其中一只昆虫,结果发现它不是黄蜂,而是一只马蝇,即牛虻,它与膜翅目昆虫相似。对牛虻的皮肤点刺试验和放射性变应原吸附试验证实了过敏诊断。总之,牛虻也可引起直至过敏性休克的全身反应。