Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2010 Jan;10(1):56-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2009.00560.x.
The association between chewing ability and physical constitution and nutritional status remains uncertain in the elderly. We examined the relationships between chewing ability and anthropometric measurements or nutritional status in the elderly.
A total of 200 subjects (78 men and 122 women; mean age +/- standard deviation, 76.6 +/- 7.1) were enrolled from geriatric clinical settings. Chewing ability was evaluated by color-changeable chewing gum. Bodyweight, body mass index, mid-upper-arm circumference (MAC), and triceps skinfold, grip strength, serum albumin, physical and cognitive functions, depressive status, and dental status were determined.
Correlations were found between chewing ability and bodyweight, MAC, dental status, physical and cognitive functions, and depressive status after adjusting for age and sex. The concentrations of serum albumin were well-correlated with chewing ability and anthropometric measurements. Stepwise linear regression analyses revealed that the masticatory cycle, dental status, bodyweight and MAC are predictors of chewing ability, and that age, chewing ability, grip strength and sex are predictors of serum albumin concentrations.
Chewing ability is associated with not only oral health status but also the physical constitution of the elderly. In addition, chewing ability may add to the regulation of the nutritional status in the elderly.
咀嚼能力与老年人的体质和营养状况之间的关系仍不确定。我们研究了咀嚼能力与老年人的人体测量测量或营养状况之间的关系。
共纳入 200 名来自老年临床环境的受试者（78 名男性和 122 名女性；平均年龄 +/- 标准差，76.6 +/- 7.1）。咀嚼能力通过变色口香糖进行评估。体重、体重指数、上臂中部周长（MAC）和三头肌皮褶、握力、血清白蛋白、身体和认知功能、抑郁状况和牙齿状况。
在调整年龄和性别后，咀嚼能力与体重、MAC、牙齿状况、身体和认知功能以及抑郁状况之间存在相关性。血清白蛋白浓度与咀嚼能力和人体测量值密切相关。逐步线性回归分析表明，咀嚼周期、牙齿状况、体重和 MAC 是咀嚼能力的预测因子，而年龄、咀嚼能力、握力和性别是血清白蛋白浓度的预测因子。
咀嚼能力不仅与口腔健康状况有关，而且与老年人的体质有关。此外，咀嚼能力可能有助于调节老年人的营养状况。
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