R&D, Sunstar Inc., Osaka, Japan.
Department of Oral Epidemiology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Oct 24;24(1):1277. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-05051-6.
Few studies have evaluated masticatory ability and habits in relation to physical function. This study aimed to investigate the association of physical function with both masticatory ability and masticatory habits.
In this cohort study, we followed up with 146 community-dwelling older adults aged 65-84 years for 1 year. Physical function domain scores on the Kihon Checklist were used to assess physical function. Masticatory ability was examined using objective measurements and self-administered questionnaires. Data on masticatory habits were obtained using self-administered questionnaires. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the association between masticatory ability and masticatory habits as exposures; logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of exposure on the outcome.
A relationship was found between objective and subjective masticatory ability; however, no relationship was found between objective masticatory ability and masticatory habits. Furthermore, subjective masticatory ability and masticatory habits appeared to influence physical function 1 year later (odds ratio [OR]: 6.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44-25.05; OR: 6.49, 95% CI: 2.45-17.22).
Masticatory ability and habits may be associated with a decline in physical function after 1 year in community-dwelling older adults. To maintain the physical function of these individuals, early intervention that addresses not only masticatory ability but also masticatory habits is necessary.
很少有研究评估咀嚼能力和习惯与身体功能的关系。本研究旨在调查身体功能与咀嚼能力和咀嚼习惯的关系。
在这项队列研究中，我们对 146 名年龄在 65-84 岁的社区居住的老年人进行了为期 1 年的随访。使用 Kihon Checklist 的身体功能域评分评估身体功能。使用客观测量和自我管理问卷评估咀嚼能力。使用自我管理问卷获取有关咀嚼习惯的数据。使用 Mann-Whitney U 检验分析咀嚼能力和咀嚼习惯作为暴露因素之间的关系；使用逻辑回归分析分析暴露因素对结果的影响。
发现客观和主观咀嚼能力之间存在关系；然而，客观咀嚼能力与咀嚼习惯之间没有关系。此外，主观咀嚼能力和咀嚼习惯似乎在 1 年后影响身体功能（比值比 [OR]：6.00，95%置信区间 [CI]：1.44-25.05；OR：6.49，95% CI：2.45-17.22）。
在社区居住的老年人中，咀嚼能力和习惯可能与 1 年后身体功能下降有关。为了维持这些人的身体功能，需要早期干预，不仅要解决咀嚼能力问题，还要解决咀嚼习惯问题。
