Rubin L R
Indiana University Medical Center, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indianapolis 46202.
Indiana Med. 1991 Feb;84(2):118-21.
Approximately 10 million men and women in the United States are unable to have children due to medical problems directly affecting their fertility. Of those couples seeking medical intervention, 30% to 50% of the infertility problems are diagnosed as male problems. Andrology, the study of male fertility, has grown in response to the need for laboratory services and research facilities. The repertoire of diagnostic tests currently available to the clinician includes enhanced semen analysis, antisperm antibody assay, sperm penetration assay and hemizona assay. Some of the laboratory techniques designed for improvement in semen data and/or storage of the specimen are sperm washing, sperm "rise" and cryopreservation. The andrology laboratory is a support service to the family practitioner, the urologist and the reproduction specialist. With state-of-the-art technology, physicians are better able to address infertility, minimize patient distress and provide patients with reasonable options.
在美国，约有1000万男性和女性因直接影响生育能力的医疗问题而无法生育。在寻求医疗干预的夫妇中，30%至50%的不孕问题被诊断为男性问题。随着对实验室服务和研究设施需求的增加，男性生育学（即对男性生育能力的研究）得到了发展。临床医生目前可采用的诊断测试方法包括改进的精液分析、抗精子抗体检测、精子穿透试验和半透明带试验。一些旨在改善精液数据和/或标本储存的实验室技术包括精子洗涤、精子“上浮”和冷冻保存。男性生育学实验室为家庭医生、泌尿科医生和生殖专家提供支持服务。借助先进技术，医生能够更好地解决不孕问题，将患者的痛苦降至最低，并为患者提供合理的选择。
