急诊患者报告的 HIV 风险与 HIV 检测史的关系。

The relationship of reported HIV risk and history of HIV testing among emergency department patients.

机构信息

Department of Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.

出版信息

Postgrad Med. 2010 Jan;122(1):61-74. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2010.01.2100.

DOI:10.3810/pgm.2010.01.2100

PMID:20107290

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3172990/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Among a random sample of emergency department (ED) patients, we sought to determine the extent to which reported risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is related to ever having been tested for HIV.

METHODS

A random sample of patients (aged 18-64 years) from an adult, urban, northeastern United States, academic ED were surveyed about their history of ever having been tested for HIV and their reported HIV risk behaviors. A reported HIV risk score was calculated from the survey responses and divided into 4 levels, based on quartiles of the risk scores. Pearson's X(2) testing was used to compare HIV testing history and level of reported HIV risk. Logistic regression models were created to investigate the association between level of reported HIV risk and the outcome of ever having been tested for HIV.

RESULTS

Of the 557 participants, 62.1% were female. A larger proportion of females than males (71.4% vs 60.6%; P < 0.01) reported they had been tested for HIV. Among the 211 males, 11.4% reported no HIV risk, and among the 346 females, 10.7% reported no HIV risk. The proportion of those who had been tested for HIV was greater among those reporting any risk compared with those reporting no risk for females (75.4% vs 37.8%; P < 0.001), but not for males (59.9% vs 66.7%; P < 0.52). However, certain high-risk behaviors, such as a history of injection-drug use, were associated with prior HIV testing for both genders. In the logistic regression analyses, there was no relationship between increasing level of reported HIV risk and a history of ever having been tested for HIV for males. For females, a history of ever having been tested was related to increasing level of reported risk, but not in a linear fashion.

CONCLUSIONS

The relationship between reported HIV risk and history of testing among these ED patients was complex and differed by gender. Among these patients, having greater risk did not necessarily mean a higher likelihood of ever having been tested for HIV.

摘要

目的

在急诊科（ED）患者的随机样本中，我们旨在确定报告的艾滋病毒（HIV）风险与曾经接受过 HIV 检测的程度之间的关系。

方法

从美国东北部一个城市的成年急诊室中随机抽取了一组年龄在 18-64 岁之间的患者进行调查，了解他们曾经接受过 HIV 检测的历史和报告的 HIV 风险行为。根据风险得分的四分位数，从调查结果中计算出报告的 HIV 风险评分，并将其分为 4 个等级。使用 Pearson's X(2)检验比较 HIV 检测史和报告的 HIV 风险水平。创建逻辑回归模型来研究报告的 HIV 风险水平与曾经接受过 HIV 检测的结果之间的关联。

结果

在 557 名参与者中，62.1%为女性。与男性相比，更多的女性报告称她们接受过 HIV 检测（71.4% vs 60.6%；P < 0.01）。在 211 名男性中，11.4%报告没有 HIV 风险，而在 346 名女性中，10.7%报告没有 HIV 风险。与报告没有 HIV 风险的人相比，报告有任何风险的人接受过 HIV 检测的比例更高，这在女性中更为明显（75.4% vs 37.8%；P < 0.001），但在男性中并非如此（59.9% vs 66.7%；P < 0.52）。然而，某些高危行为，如使用注射毒品的历史，与男女两性的 HIV 检测史相关。在逻辑回归分析中，男性报告的 HIV 风险水平与接受 HIV 检测的历史之间没有关系。对于女性，接受过 HIV 检测的历史与报告的风险水平增加有关，但并非呈线性关系。