Alger Jackeline, Becerra-Posada Francisco, Kennedy Andrew, Martinelli Elena, Cuervo Luis Gabriel
Instituto de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitología Antonio Vidal, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2009 Nov;26(5):447-57.
This article discusses the main features of the national health research systems (NHRS) of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela, based on documents prepared by their country experts who participated in the First Latin American Conference on Research and Innovation for Health held in April 2008, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The review also includes sources cited in the reports, published scientific papers, and expert opinion, as well as regional secondary sources. Six countries reported having formal entities for health research governance and management: Brazil and Costa Rica's entities are led by their ministries of health; while Argentina, Cuba, Ecuador, and Venezuela have entities shared by their ministries of health and ministries of science and technology. Brazil and Ecuador each reported having a comprehensive national policy devoted specifically to health science, technology, and innovation. Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and Venezuela reported having established health research priorities. In conclusion, encouraging progress has been made, despite the structural and functional heterogeneity of the study countries' NHRS and their disparate levels of development. Instituting good NHRS governance/management is of utmost importance to how efficiently ministries of health, other government players, and society-at-large can tackle health research.
本文基于阿根廷、玻利维亚、巴西、智利、哥斯达黎加、古巴、厄瓜多尔、萨尔瓦多、洪都拉斯、巴拿马、巴拉圭、秘鲁、乌拉圭和委内瑞拉等国专家所准备的文件，探讨了这些国家卫生研究系统（NHRS）的主要特征。这些专家参与了2008年4月在巴西里约热内卢举行的第一届拉丁美洲卫生研究与创新会议。本综述还包括报告中引用的资料来源、已发表的科学论文、专家意见以及区域二手资料。六个国家报告称设有负责卫生研究治理和管理的正式实体：巴西和哥斯达黎加的实体由其卫生部领导；而阿根廷、古巴、厄瓜多尔和委内瑞拉的实体由其卫生部和科学技术部共同设立。巴西和厄瓜多尔各自报告称有专门针对卫生科学、技术和创新的全面国家政策。阿根廷、巴西、哥斯达黎加、古巴、厄瓜多尔、巴拿马、巴拉圭、秘鲁和委内瑞拉报告称已确定了卫生研究重点。总之，尽管参与研究的国家的国家卫生研究系统在结构和功能上存在异质性，且发展水平参差不齐，但仍取得了令人鼓舞的进展。建立良好的国家卫生研究系统治理/管理对于卫生部、其他政府部门以及整个社会能够多高效地开展卫生研究至关重要。
