Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California, 4150 Clement St (111N), San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
J Bone Miner Metab. 2010 Mar;28(2):117-30. doi: 10.1007/s00774-009-0153-8. Epub 2010 Jan 27.
The keratinocytes of the skin are unique in being not only the primary source of vitamin D for the body, but also possessing the enzymatic machinery to metabolize vitamin D to active metabolites [in particular, 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D)] and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) that enables the keratinocytes to respond to the 1,25(OH)(2)D they produce. Numerous functions of the skin are regulated by vitamin D and/or its receptor: these include inhibition of proliferation, stimulation of differentiation including formation of the permeability barrier, promotion of innate immunity, regulation of the hair follicle cycle, and suppression of tumor formation. Regulation of these actions is exerted by a number of different coregulators including the coactivators DRIP and SRC, a less well known inhibitor, hairless, and beta-catenin. Different coregulators appear to be involved in different VDR-regulated functions. This review examines the various functions of vitamin D and its receptor, and to the extent known explores the mechanisms by which these functions are regulated.
皮肤的角质形成细胞是独特的，不仅是身体维生素 D 的主要来源，而且还具有将维生素 D 代谢为活性代谢物（特别是 1,25-二羟维生素 D（1,25(OH)(2)D））和维生素 D 受体（VDR）的酶促机制，使角质形成细胞能够对其产生的 1,25(OH)(2)D 做出反应。维生素 D 和/或其受体调节皮肤的许多功能：这些功能包括抑制增殖、刺激分化，包括形成通透性屏障、促进先天免疫、调节毛囊周期以及抑制肿瘤形成。这些作用的调节是由许多不同的共调节剂施加的，包括共激活剂 DRIP 和 SRC、不太知名的抑制剂无毛和β-连环蛋白。不同的共调节剂似乎参与不同的 VDR 调节功能。这篇综述检查了维生素 D 和其受体的各种功能，并在已知的范围内探讨了调节这些功能的机制。
