International Vaccine Institute, San 4-8, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Epidemiol Infect. 2010 Sep;138(9):1292-7. doi: 10.1017/S0950268810000063. Epub 2010 Jan 29.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) has been found to be endemic in Bali, Indonesia. A case-control study was conducted to identify factors associated with JE infection. All 94 serologically confirmed JE cases (cases) and 163 cases of encephalitis or aseptic meningitis without JE (controls) identified in Bali during 2001-2004 were included in the study. Potential risk factors were surveyed at hospital admission. Univariate analyses revealed the following factors to be associated with JE: older age, referral from sub-district health centre or private hospital, playing outdoors after dinner, use of mosquito repellent or spraying, proximity of the residence to rice fields, and pig ownership by the family or next-door neighbours. Multivariate analysis identified proximity to rice fields (OR 2.93, 95% CI 1.57-5.45), pig ownership (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.17-4.26), and older age (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09-1.33) as being independently associated with the risk of JE. Because rice cultivation and pig rearing are essential to the economy of Bali, JE immunization is the best intervention for prevention of JE in Bali.
在印度尼西亚巴厘岛发现日本脑炎（JE）呈地方性流行。进行了一项病例对照研究，以确定与 JE 感染相关的因素。本研究纳入了 2001-2004 年巴厘岛血清学确诊的 94 例 JE 病例（病例）和 163 例 JE 脑炎或无菌性脑膜炎病例（对照）。入院时调查了潜在的危险因素。单因素分析显示，以下因素与 JE 相关：年龄较大、从分区卫生中心或私人医院转诊、晚餐后在户外玩耍、使用驱蚊剂或喷雾、居住地靠近稻田以及家庭或隔壁邻居养猪。多因素分析确定了与稻田的临近（OR 2.93，95%CI 1.57-5.45）、养猪（OR 2.24，95%CI 1.17-4.26）和年龄较大（OR 1.21，95%CI 1.09-1.33）是与 JE 风险相关的独立因素。由于水稻种植和养猪对巴厘岛的经济至关重要，JE 免疫接种是预防 JE 的最佳干预措施。
