Bioaeronautical Sciences Research Laboratory (AAM-610), Aerospace Medical Research Division, Civil Aerospace Medical Institute, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, P.O. Box 25082, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73125-5066, USA.
J Anal Toxicol. 2010 Jan-Feb;34(1):1-16. doi: 10.1093/jat/34.1.1.
Aviation combustion toxicology is a subspecialty of the field of aerospace toxicology, which is composed of aerospace and toxicology. The term aerospace, that is, the environment extending above and beyond the surface of the Earth, is also used to represent the combined fields of aeronautics and astronautics. Aviation is another term interchangeably used with aerospace and aeronautics and is explained as the science and art of operating powered aircraft. Toxicology deals with the adverse effects of substances on living organisms. Although toxicology borrows knowledge from biology, chemistry, immunology, pathology, physiology, and public health, the most closely related field to toxicology is pharmacology. Economic toxicology, environmental toxicology, and forensic toxicology, including combustion toxicology, are the three main branches of toxicology. In this overview, a literature search for the period of 1960-2007 was performed and information related to aviation combustion toxicology collected. The overview included introduction; combustion, fire, and smoke; smoke gas toxicity; aircraft material testing; fire gases and their interactive effects; result interpretation; carboxyhemoglobin and blood cyanide ion levels; pyrolytic products of aircraft engine oils, fluids, and lubricants; and references. This review is anticipated to be an informative resource for aviation combustion toxicology and fire-related casualties.
航空燃烧毒理学是航天毒理学领域的一个分支，由航天和毒理学组成。术语“航天”，即地球表面以上和以外的环境，也用于代表航空航天领域。航空是与航天和航空学可互换使用的另一个术语，解释为操作动力飞机的科学和艺术。毒理学涉及物质对生物体的不良影响。尽管毒理学从生物学、化学、免疫学、病理学、生理学和公共卫生中汲取知识，但与毒理学最相关的领域是药理学。经济毒理学、环境毒理学和法医毒理学，包括燃烧毒理学，是毒理学的三个主要分支。在这篇综述中，对 1960 年至 2007 年期间的文献进行了检索，并收集了与航空燃烧毒理学相关的信息。综述包括引言；燃烧、火灾和烟雾；烟气毒性；飞机材料测试；火灾气体及其相互作用；结果解释；碳氧血红蛋白和血液氰化物离子水平；飞机发动机油、液体和润滑剂的热解产物；以及参考文献。预计本综述将成为航空燃烧毒理学和与火灾相关伤亡的信息资源。
