Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Wansbeck General Hospital, Woodhorn Lane, Ashington, Northumberland NE63 9JJ, UK.
Eur Respir J. 2010 Sep;36(3):488-93. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00038309. Epub 2010 Jan 28.
The aim of this study was to ascertain the population prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in an area with past heavy industry and to establish the relative contributions of occupational and other risk factors. We investigated respiratory symptoms and the prevalence of spirometrically-defined COPD in a population-based study in North-East England (UK) between 2002 and 2004. Questionnaires were posted to 6,000 males and 6,000 females, 45-69 yrs of age, who were randomly selected from a primary care database (response rate 64%, n = 7,566). Spirometric measurements were performed on 845 randomly selected responders. We defined COPD by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) II criteria. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms was 55%. Symptoms were strongly associated with smoking, occupational exposures and hay fever. COPD was present in 10% of subjects. Its presence was significantly associated with occupational exposures, smoking and hay fever. COPD is common in North-East England. Respiratory effects of occupational exposures can be detected within the general population: there were clear associations between occupational exposures and respiratory symptoms. The association with COPD was more marked in females.
本研究旨在确定过去重工业地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的人群流行率，并确定职业和其他危险因素的相对贡献。我们在 2002 年至 2004 年期间在英国东北部的一个基于人群的研究中调查了呼吸系统症状和通过肺量计定义的 COPD 的流行率。调查问卷寄给了来自初级保健数据库的 6000 名男性和 6000 名女性，年龄在 45-69 岁之间（应答率为 64%，n=7566）。对 845 名随机选择的应答者进行了肺量计测量。我们根据全球慢性阻塞性肺疾病倡议（GOLD）II 标准定义 COPD。呼吸系统症状的患病率为 55%。症状与吸烟、职业暴露和花粉热密切相关。10%的受试者存在 COPD。其存在与职业暴露、吸烟和花粉热显著相关。COPD 在英国东北部很常见。职业暴露对呼吸系统的影响可以在普通人群中检测到：职业暴露与呼吸系统症状之间存在明显关联。这种关联在女性中更为明显。
