Stanford University Medical School, Room B211, Beckman Center, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Nature. 2010 Jan 28;463(7280):474-84. doi: 10.1038/nature08911.
New methods for the genome-wide analysis of chromatin are providing insight into its roles in development and their underlying mechanisms. Current studies indicate that chromatin is dynamic, with its structure and its histone modifications undergoing global changes during transitions in development and in response to extracellular cues. In addition to DNA methylation and histone modification, ATP-dependent enzymes that remodel chromatin are important controllers of chromatin structure and assembly, and are major contributors to the dynamic nature of chromatin. Evidence is emerging that these chromatin-remodelling enzymes have instructive and programmatic roles during development. Particularly intriguing are the findings that specialized assemblies of ATP-dependent remodellers are essential for establishing and maintaining pluripotent and multipotent states in cells.
新的全基因组分析染色质的方法为其在发育中的作用及其潜在机制提供了深入了解。目前的研究表明，染色质是动态的，其结构和组蛋白修饰在发育过程中的转变以及对外界信号的反应中会发生全局变化。除了 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白修饰外，重塑染色质的 ATP 依赖性酶也是染色质结构和组装的重要控制器，并且是染色质动态性质的主要贡献者。有证据表明，这些染色质重塑酶在发育过程中具有指导和程序化作用。特别引人注目的是发现，ATP 依赖性重塑酶的专门组装对于在细胞中建立和维持多能和多潜能状态是必不可少的。
