Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal (RN), Brazil.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2010 Apr;23(2):154-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2009.01026.x. Epub 2010 Jan 22.
Vitamin A deficiency is the major cause of morbidity and mortality among children and in women of reproductive age in developing countries. The present study aimed to assess maternal nutritional vitamin A status, as well as analyse the association of preformed vitamin A and pro-vitamin A consumption on the nutritional status of nursing mothers, based on serum retinol and retinol colostrum concentrations coupled with dietary intake.
Serum and colostrums were collected from 86 healthy parturients, recruited within 16 h postpartum. Blood samples were obtained, the morning after an overnight fast. Retinol was analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Dietary vitamin A was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and the women were separated into two groups according to the predominant dietary source of vitamin A: group A, > 50% preformed vitamin A (n = 37); and group B > 50% pro-vitamin A carotenoids, (n = 49).
Serum retinol and total vitamin A ingestion (mean +/- SD) were higher in group A than in group B (1.4 +/- 0.4 micromol L(-1) and 2072.0 +/- 1465.9 microg retinol activity equivalent (RAE) day(-1) versus 1.2 +/- 0.6 micromol L(-1) and 1051.6 +/- 920.4 microg RAE day(-1), respectively (P < 0.05), but colostrum retinol (3.4 +/- 1.7 micromol L(-1) and 3.6 +/- 1.9 micromol L(-1)) was similar in both groups. In group B, 36.7% (n = 18) of the nursing mothers presented a risk of developing vitamin A deficiency, based on their dietary intake.
On the basis of the intake of the pro-vitamin A carotenoids, some women may be at risk of vitamin A deficiency. However, their status is currently normal, as indicated by serum and milk retinol concentrations.
在发展中国家，维生素 A 缺乏是导致儿童发病率和死亡率的主要原因，也是育龄妇女的致病因素之一。本研究旨在评估产妇的营养维生素 A 状况，并分析视黄醇和前维生素 A 的摄入与哺乳期妇女营养状况之间的关系，这是基于血清视黄醇和初乳浓度以及饮食摄入得出的结果。
在产后 16 小时内招募了 86 名健康产妇，采集了她们的血清和初乳。在空腹过夜后的第二天早上采集血液样本。采用高效液相色谱法分析视黄醇。通过食物频率问卷评估饮食中的维生素 A，根据维生素 A 的主要膳食来源将妇女分为两组：A 组，> 50%的视黄醇（n = 37）；B 组，> 50%的前维生素 A 类胡萝卜素（n = 49）。
A 组血清视黄醇和总维生素 A 摄入量（平均值 ± 标准差）高于 B 组（1.4 ± 0.4 μmol/L 和 2072.0 ± 1465.9 视黄醇活性当量（RAE）/天与 1.2 ± 0.6 μmol/L 和 1051.6 ± 920.4 RAE/天，分别为（P < 0.05），但两组的初乳视黄醇（3.4 ± 1.7 μmol/L 和 3.6 ± 1.9 μmol/L）相似。在 B 组中，根据膳食摄入量，36.7%（n = 18）的哺乳期妇女有发生维生素 A 缺乏的风险。
根据前维生素 A 类胡萝卜素的摄入量，一些妇女可能有发生维生素 A 缺乏的风险。然而，根据血清和初乳视黄醇浓度，她们目前的状况是正常的。
