生活方式因素能否很好地预测看似健康的成年人维生素A和维生素C缺乏情况？

Are lifestyle factors good predictors of retinol and vitamin C deficiency in apparently healthy adults?

作者信息

Chiplonkar S A, Agte V V, Mengale S S, Tarwadi K V

机构信息

Biometry and Nutrition Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India.

出版信息

Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002 Feb;56(2):96-104. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601291.

DOI:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601291

PMID:11857042

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To examine interrelationships between (1) dietary habits, (2) socioeconomic and (3) environmental factors, and their impact on plasma retinol and plasma ascorbic acid.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional study on adults from Western India.

SETTING

Rural, semi urban, urban higher/middle/lower socioeconomic regions (HSE/MSE/LSE) having diverse dietary habits and environmental conditions.

SUBJECTS

A total of 214 men and 108 women (20-50 y), apparently healthy and non-anemic.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Food intake by food frequency questionnaire, weight, height, age, smoking, environmental score, education, income, plasma retinol and plasma ascorbic acid.

RESULTS

Mean plasma retinol in women (24.84+/-5.1 microg/dl) and men (24.75+/-4.53 microg/dl) were not significantly different and 21% had plasma retinol below 20 microg/dl. Mean plasma ascorbic acid in women (0.35+/-0.12 mg/dl) and men (0.30+/-0.12 mg/dl) was similar with 75% having plasma ascorbic acid below 0.4 mg/dl. Vitamin A intake (as retinol equivalent) and plasma retinol showed a significant dose response (P<0.05) but not vitamin C intake and plasma ascorbic acid. Plasma retinol showed significant correlation with income (rho=0.24), education (rho=0.27), and environment (rho=0.21; rho=0.0001). Similar correlations with plasma ascorbic acid were 0.29, 031, -0.23 respectively (P=0.0001). Logistic regression showed education, environment, green leafy vegetables (GLV) and milk intake as predictors of plasma retinol deficiency, while non-sweet fruit intake, education and passive smoking for plasma ascorbic acid deficiency (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Subnormal status of retinol and vitamin C emphasizes the need to increase consumption of fruit, GLV and milk products, and also better education and environment. Avoiding passive smoking demands attention in order to improve levels of these vitamins.

SPONSORSHIP

Department of Science and Technology, India (project no. SP/SO/B39/94).

摘要

目的

研究（1）饮食习惯、（2）社会经济因素和（3）环境因素之间的相互关系，以及它们对血浆视黄醇和血浆抗坏血酸的影响。

设计

对印度西部成年人的横断面研究。

地点

农村、半城市、城市高/中/低社会经济地区（HSE/MSE/LSE），饮食习惯和环境条件各异。

研究对象

总共214名男性和108名女性（20 - 50岁），外表健康且无贫血。

主要观察指标

通过食物频率问卷获取食物摄入量、体重、身高、年龄、吸烟情况、环境评分、教育程度、收入、血浆视黄醇和血浆抗坏血酸。

结果

女性（24.84±5.1微克/分升）和男性（24.75±4.53微克/分升）的平均血浆视黄醇无显著差异，21%的人血浆视黄醇低于20微克/分升。女性（0.35±0.12毫克/分升）和男性（0.30±0.12毫克/分升）的平均血浆抗坏血酸相似，75%的人血浆抗坏血酸低于0.4毫克/分升。维生素A摄入量（以视黄醇当量计）与血浆视黄醇呈显著剂量反应关系（P<0.05），但维生素C摄入量与血浆抗坏血酸无此关系。血浆视黄醇与收入（相关系数ρ = 0.24）、教育程度（ρ = 0.27）和环境（ρ = 0.21；P = 0.0001）呈显著相关性。与血浆抗坏血酸的类似相关性分别为0.29、0.31、 - 0.23（P = 0.0001）。逻辑回归显示，教育程度、环境、绿叶蔬菜（GLV）和牛奶摄入量是血浆视黄醇缺乏的预测因素，而非甜水果摄入量、教育程度和被动吸烟是血浆抗坏血酸缺乏的预测因素（P<0.05）。