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HRE1 和 HRE2 是两个缺氧诱导的乙烯反应因子,影响拟南芥的厌氧反应。

HRE1 and HRE2, two hypoxia-inducible ethylene response factors, affect anaerobic responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.

机构信息

Plant Lab, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy.

出版信息

Plant J. 2010 Apr;62(2):302-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04149.x. Epub 2010 Jan 22.

Abstract

Plants often experience challenging hypoxic conditions imposed by soil waterlogging or complete flooding. In rice, Sub1A, a flooding-induced ethylene responsive factor (ERF) plays a crucial role in submergence tolerance. In this study, we examined two Arabidopsis Hypoxia Responsive ERF genes (HRE1 and HRE2), belonging to the same ERF group as Sub1A. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants, which over-expressed HRE1, showed an improved tolerance of anoxia, whereas a double-knockout mutant hre1hre2 was more susceptible than the wild type. HRE1 over-expressing plants showed an increased activity in the fermentative enzymes pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase together with increased ethanol production under hypoxia, but not in normoxia. Whole-genome microarray analyses suggested that an over-expression of HRE1, but not HRE2, increased the induction of most anaerobic genes under hypoxia. Real-time quantitative (q)PCR analyses confirmed a positive effect of HRE1 over-expression on several anaerobic genes, whereas the double-knockout mutant hre1hre2 showed a decreased expression in the same genes after 4 h of hypoxia. Single-knockout mutants did not show significant differences from the wild type. We found that the regulation of HRE1 and HRE2 by low oxygen relies on different mechanisms, since HRE1 requires protein synthesis to be induced while HRE2 does not. HRE2 is likely to be regulated post-transcriptionally by mRNA stabilization. We propose that HRE1 and HRE2 play a partially redundant role in low oxygen signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana, thus improving the tolerance of the plant to the stress by enhancing anaerobic gene expression and ethanolic fermentation.

摘要

植物经常会遇到由土壤积水或完全淹没引起的具有挑战性的缺氧条件。在水稻中,Sub1A,一种由水淹诱导的乙烯响应因子(ERF),在淹水耐受中起着关键作用。在这项研究中,我们研究了两个拟南芥缺氧响应 ERF 基因(HRE1 和 HRE2),它们属于与 Sub1A 相同的 ERF 家族。过表达 HRE1 的转基因拟南芥植物对缺氧表现出更好的耐受性,而 hre1hre2 双敲除突变体比野生型更敏感。HRE1 过表达植物在缺氧条件下表现出丙酮酸脱羧酶和醇脱氢酶的发酵酶活性增加,以及乙醇产量增加,但在常氧条件下则没有。全基因组微阵列分析表明,HRE1 的过表达而不是 HRE2 的过表达,在缺氧条件下增加了大多数厌氧基因的诱导。实时定量(q)PCR 分析证实了 HRE1 过表达对几种厌氧基因的正向影响,而 hre1hre2 双敲除突变体在缺氧 4 小时后这些基因的表达降低。单敲除突变体与野生型没有显著差异。我们发现,HRE1 和 HRE2 对低氧的调节依赖于不同的机制,因为 HRE1 需要蛋白质合成才能被诱导,而 HRE2 则不需要。HRE2 可能通过 mRNA 稳定化进行转录后调节。我们提出,HRE1 和 HRE2 在拟南芥低氧信号转导中发挥部分冗余作用,从而通过增强厌氧基因表达和乙醇发酵来提高植物对胁迫的耐受性。

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