Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Semin Nephrol. 2010 Jan;30(1):26-32. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.10.003.
Racial and gender differences in the prevalence and treatment of chronic kidney disease in US children have been reported. Girls have lower rates of kidney transplantation than boys. Incidence of end-stage renal disease is twice as high among black patients compared with whites. African Americans are less likely than white patients to achieve hemoglobin targets on dialysis, are more likely to be treated with hemodialysis, and to wait longer for a transplant. Reasons for these disparities in disease burden and treatment choices are not known, but possible causes include genetic factors and socioeconomic and sociocultural influences on accessing medical care.
在美国儿童中，慢性肾脏病的患病率和治疗存在种族和性别差异。女孩接受肾移植的比例低于男孩。与白人相比，黑人患者终末期肾病的发病率高出两倍。与白人患者相比，非裔美国人在透析时更难以达到血红蛋白目标，更有可能接受血液透析治疗，并且等待移植的时间更长。造成这些疾病负担和治疗选择差异的原因尚不清楚，但可能的原因包括遗传因素以及获得医疗保健的社会经济和社会文化影响。
