Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52-W26, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2011 Feb;77(2):109-30. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2010.01.004. Epub 2010 Feb 8.
Purpose of this systematic literature review was to identify current knowledge about employment in cancer survivors. Sixty-four studies met inclusion criteria that were original papers published between 01/2000 and 11/2009. Overall, 63.5% of cancer survivors (range 24-94%) returned to work. The mean duration of absence from work was 151 days. Factors significantly associated with a greater likelihood of being employed or return to work were perceived employer accommodation, flexible working arrangements, counseling, training and rehabilitation services, younger age and cancer sites of younger individuals, higher levels of education, male gender, less physical symptoms, lower length of sick leave and continuity of care. Cancer survivors had a significantly increased risk for unemployment, early retirement and were less likely to be re-employed. Between 26% and 53% of cancer survivors lost their job or quit working over a 72-month period post diagnosis. Between 23% and 75% of patients who lost their job were re-employed. A high proportion of patients experienced at least temporary changes in work schedules, work hours, wages and a decline in work ability compared to non-cancer groups.
本系统文献回顾的目的是确定目前关于癌症幸存者就业的知识。符合纳入标准的 64 项研究为 2000 年 1 月至 2009 年 11 月间发表的原始论文。总体而言，63.5%的癌症幸存者（范围为 24%-94%）重返工作岗位。平均缺勤时间为 151 天。与就业或重返工作更相关的因素包括雇主的认知性包容、灵活的工作安排、咨询、培训和康复服务、较年轻的年龄和癌症发病部位、更高的教育程度、男性性别、较少的身体症状、较短的病假和治疗的连续性。癌症幸存者失业、提前退休的风险显著增加，重新就业的可能性较低。在诊断后 72 个月内，26%-53%的癌症幸存者失去工作或辞职。23%-75%失去工作的患者重新就业。与非癌症患者相比，许多患者的工作时间表、工作时间、工资至少出现了暂时的变化，工作能力下降。
