Ramos-Fernández María, Serrano Luis A
Department of Emergency Medicine, UPR School of Medicine, San Juan, PR.
Bol Asoc Med P R. 2009 Jul-Sep;101(3):29-32.
Renal stones (nephrolithiasis) are a relatively common problem and a frequent Emergency Department (ED) diagnosis in patients who present with acute flank/abdominal pain. The goal of this topic review is to provide physicians with an evidence-based diagnostic approach for the evaluation and management of patients with nephrolithiasis. Unenhanced helical CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis should be performed on all patients with their first episode of acute flank pain and suspected renal colic. It is considered the optimal diagnostic test to confirm a urinary stone in a patient with flank pain. Pain management can be achieved by using NSAIDs, opioids or a combination of both. Several factors will help you determine if emergent urology evaluation is warranted; size and location of renal calculi, persistence of colic pain, impaired renal function and signs of infection.
肾结石（肾石病）是一个相对常见的问题，也是出现急性胁腹/腹痛的患者在急诊科（ED）的常见诊断。本专题综述的目的是为医生提供一种基于证据的诊断方法，用于评估和管理肾结石患者。对于所有首次出现急性胁腹疼痛并疑似肾绞痛的患者，均应进行腹部和盆腔的非增强螺旋CT扫描。它被认为是确诊胁腹疼痛患者尿路结石的最佳诊断测试。疼痛管理可通过使用非甾体抗炎药、阿片类药物或两者联合来实现。有几个因素将帮助您确定是否需要紧急泌尿外科评估；肾结石的大小和位置、绞痛疼痛的持续时间、肾功能受损情况以及感染迹象。
