Centre for Values, Ethics and the Law in Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Am J Transplant. 2010 Mar;10(3):657-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02986.x. Epub 2010 Jan 29.
Although willingness, attitudes and beliefs surrounding solid-organ donation have been extensively investigated, much less is known about corneal donation. Despite evidence that a substantial number of families who agree to multiorgan donation also specifically refuse corneal donation, it is unclear why this occurs and what can be done to increase rates of corneal donation. We conducted a survey of 371 Australian adults regarding their views on corneal donation. Although willingness to donate corneas generally reflected a person's willingness to donate all of one's organs, unwillingness to donate corneas appeared to be due to other factors. Specifically, decisions not to donate appear to be driven by a range of concerns surrounding disfigurement. The survey also provides eye banks with reassurance about the acceptability of whole globe procurement, and recognition that research into blindness is a highly valued part of corneal donation. Finally, the survey identifies that many individuals see benefit in having their family engaged in the decision-making process, suggesting that decisions about donation are more complex than a simple appeal to the autonomy of the deceased.
虽然人们对实体器官捐献的意愿、态度和信念进行了广泛的研究，但对角膜捐献的了解要少得多。尽管有证据表明，许多同意多器官捐献的家庭也明确拒绝角膜捐献，但目前尚不清楚为什么会出现这种情况，以及可以采取什么措施来提高角膜捐献率。我们对 371 名澳大利亚成年人进行了一项关于他们对角膜捐献看法的调查。虽然普遍愿意捐献角膜反映了一个人愿意捐献所有器官，但不愿意捐献角膜似乎是由于其他因素。具体来说，不捐献的决定似乎是由一系列围绕毁容的担忧所驱动的。该调查还让眼库确信整个眼球采集是可以接受的，并认识到对失明的研究是角膜捐献的一个非常有价值的部分。最后，该调查发现，许多人认为让他们的家人参与决策过程是有益的，这表明关于捐献的决定比简单诉诸死者的自主权要复杂得多。
