Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2010;65(1):35-44. doi: 10.1590/S1807-59322010000100007.
The profile of child morbidity is an important parameter for defining and altering health policies. Studies about infant mortality are more numerous than those on morbidity, especially related to hospital admissions. The objective of this study is to describe the causes of admission in the public health system for children from zero to nine years of age in the city of São Paulo during the years 2002 to 2006 and compare these results to those from the national data.
Through a cross-sectional study, data were obtained from the Hospital Information System, which is available in the Information System of the Unified Health System - DATASUS.
Within the period, 16% of the total admissions corresponded to children from zero to nine years of age, with most of the children being younger than one year of age. In the city of São Paulo, the admission coefficient increased 11%, and in Brazil, it decreased 14%. Respiratory diseases were the main causes of hospitalization. In São Paulo, the second most frequent causes of admission were diseases that originated during the perinatal period (15.9%), and in Brazil, the second most frequent cause of admission was infectious-parasitic diseases (21.7%). Admissions for perinatal diseases increased 32% in São Paulo and 6% in Brazil. While hospitalizations for diarrhea decreased in Brazil, an increase was recorded in the city of São Paulo for children under five years old.
The findings of this study show a paradoxical increase in the number of hospitalizations during an expansion of primary attention, indicating that the rise was not associated with a significant improvement in the quality of service.
儿童发病率状况是确定和改变卫生政策的一个重要参数。关于婴儿死亡率的研究比发病率的研究多，特别是与住院有关的研究。本研究的目的是描述 2002 年至 2006 年期间圣保罗市 0 至 9 岁儿童在公立卫生系统住院的原因，并将这些结果与全国数据进行比较。
通过横断面研究，从医院信息系统中获取数据，该系统可在统一卫生系统信息系统（DATASUS）中获得。
在此期间，总住院人数的 16%是 0 至 9 岁的儿童，其中大多数儿童小于 1 岁。在圣保罗市，住院率增加了 11%，而在巴西，住院率下降了 14%。呼吸系统疾病是住院的主要原因。在圣保罗，其次常见的住院原因是围产期疾病（15.9%），而在巴西，其次常见的住院原因是感染性寄生虫病（21.7%）。围产期疾病的住院人数在圣保罗增加了 32%，在巴西增加了 6%。虽然巴西的腹泻住院人数有所下降，但圣保罗市 5 岁以下儿童的住院人数有所增加。
本研究的结果表明，在初级保健扩大的情况下，住院人数出现了矛盾的增加，这表明这种增长与服务质量的显著改善无关。
